Fig. 1: Analysis pipeline for this study and the phylogenetic tree of nonredundant MAGs.

A Pipeline for constructing metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) and metatranscriptomics gene expression profiles of golden snub-nosed monkeys. B Geographic distribution of the 63 fecal samples from the golden snub-nosed monkeys. Metagenomic sequencing data were obtained from 29 fecal samples in the wild winter group and 17 fecal samples in the wild summer group. For 12 wild golden snub-nosed monkeys, samples were collected in both seasons, designating them as the ‘same individual group’. The captive winter group included ten samples, and the captive summer group included seven samples, all collected at Beijing Wildlife Park. C Phylogenetic tree of the 578 nonredundant MAGs. Clades are colored according to taxonomic phylum. From the inner to the outer layers: rectangular symbols indicate MAG novelty status: green for novel MAGs and yellow for known MAGs; Stacked bars represent genome completeness (orange); Heatmap shows the N50 values of contigs, with colors ranging from light yellow to dark yellow indicating increasing N50 length. Bar plots show the mean relative abundance of each MAG in the four groups, captive summer group (light blue), wild summer group (red), captive winter group (purple), and wild winter group (dark blue).