Fig. 5

Combination of CXCR4 antagonist and CXCL16 neutralizing antibody treatment reduces cancer cell recruitment. a FACS analysis of relative CXCR4 or CXCR6 expression on cancer cell line MCF HER2 and patient-specific cancer cells derived from brain metastasis or skin metastasis tissue. b Immuno-fluorescent images demonstrate relative migration of patient-specific cancer cells (green) to brain metastasis stroma (red) with or without CXCR4 antagonist and CXCL16 neutralization in Hydrogel-Migration assay. c: Bar graph quantifies the relative migration of patient specific cancer cells that have been untreated or treated with CXCR4 antagonist, CXCL16 neutralization antibody, or a combination of both agents. An asterisk indicates significant differences between groups of animals (*P ≤ 0.02, **P ≤ 0.045, ***P ≤ 0.02). Each value represents the mean of 3–5 independent experiments. For the migration assay, BC25, BC55, BC66, BC70 brain metastatic CAF aggregates were independently utilized (see Table 1). Consistent results were obtained in repeated experiments throughout. The vertical bold lines branching off from the top of the horizontal lines represent statistically significant P values when the untreated, CXCR4 antagonist, and CXCL16 neutralizing antibody groups were individually compared with all other groups