Table 3 Associations between high-risk results, provider recommendations, and patient-reported health behavior changes.

Time point/behavior	Monogenic disease risk (ref: none) OR (95% CI)	p	Cardiometabolic risk prediction (per condition in 80th percentile risk) OR (95% CI)	p
Recommendations
Any change	0.59 (0.15–1.84)	0.391	1.68 (1.07–2.72)	0.027
Health behavior	0.79 (0.21–2.50)	0.702	1.41 (0.88–2.32)	0.161
Medication	1.51 (0.19–8.41)	0.652	1.99 (0.94–4.97)	0.097
Changes at 6 weeks
Any change	1.72 (0.62–4.79)	0.292	1.49 (1.00–2.23)	0.049
Exercise	1.94 (0.66–5.74)	0.228	1.54 (0.99–2.41)	0.057
Diet	1.60 (0.55–4.67)	0.387	1.27 (0.83–1.96)	0.266
Supplements	1.73 (0.30–9.92)	0.534	1.25 (0.54–2.86)	0.602
Medications	0.37 (0.04–3.21)	0.366	1.28 (0.64–2.56)	0.474
Other	NA^a	0.568	0.48 (0.08–2.94)	0.424
Changes at 6 months
Any change	2.11 (0.74–6.03)	0.160	1.52 (1.04–2.24)	0.032
Exercise	2.39 (0.85–6.72)	0.098	1.59 (1.05–2.40)	0.029
Diet	1.88 (0.67–5.27)	0.227	1.34 (0.91–1.98)	0.134
Supplements	0.79 (0.08–7.39)	0.832	1.23 (0.59–2.57)	0.571
Medications	0.29 (0.03–2.49)	0.258	1.50 (0.83–2.72)	0.175
Other	2.03 (0.16–25.50)	0.578	1.06 (0.32–3.53)	0.918

High-risk results were defined in two ways: (1) identification of an unexpected monogenic disease risk (analyses exclude two patients who were previously diagnosed with hemochromatosis, who received monogenic disease risk findings on their GS report) and (2) number of polygenic predictions about cardiometabolic traits (range: 0–8) where patients were identified to be in the 80th percentile for genetic risk, per polygenic risk predictions. Means and 95% confidence intervals of odds ratios were estimated using logistic regression or generalized estimating equations using logit linking functions and binomial distributions.
^aAn odds ratio could not be estimated, because no participant with an unexpected monogenic disease risk reported a change to this category at 6 weeks post disclosure. The p-value was estimated using a Fisher’s exact test on available data.

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