Fig. 3: Manhattan and QQ plot from traditional GWAS.
Manhattan plot representing the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and Platelet Reactivity Units (PRU) or High on Treatment Platelet Reactivity (HTPR). The x-axis shows the position of each SNP on the chromosome, while the y-axis displays the association (−log10 p-value) between the SNP and the trait of interest. The blue line represents the suggestive level of significance (p = 1·10−6). Threshold for genome-wide significance (p = 5·10−8) not shown. The QQ plot displays the observed p-values of the genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data on the y-axis, compared to the expected p-values under the null hypothesis of no association on the x-axis. Deviations from the diagonal line indicate departures from the null hypothesis, where points above the line suggest more significant associations than expected, while points below the line suggest fewer significant associations than expected. A The GWAS of PRU using linear regression identified 3 loci (ZNF860 on chromosome 3, DERL3 on chromosome 22, and RGS6 on chromosome 14) to be associated with the changes of PRU value at the suggestive level of significance (p < 1·10−6). B QQ plot for linear regression model GWAS. The genomic control value for the GWAS was λ = 1.01, showing no inflation. C The GWAS of HTPR using logistic regression showed that one locus on chromosome 4 associated with increased risk of HTPR at the suggestive level of significance (p < 1·10−6). D QQ plot for logistic regression model GWAS. The genomic control value for the GWAS was λ = 1.03, showing no inflation.
