Fig. 3: Viability and proliferation assay.

Live cell images of Glioblastoma A-172 and HUVEC cells, showing Calcein AM in green and ethidium homodimer-1 (EthD-1) in red after 24 h of gravity (1 G) (A, C) and μG (B, D) conditions respectively. Cell viability (E, G) and proliferation evaluation (F, H) for A-172 and HUVEC cells respectively, at different experimental condition. Images have been acquired with ×40 magnification lens thus they refer to a small section of the entire chamber. Scale bars, 100 µm. Data are shown as the mean ± SEM (n = 3). Asterisks are reported for cases with statistical significance: * GBM number of cells: 24 h 1 G vs 24 h μG, p = 0.03, * HUVEC viability: 24 h 1 G vs 24 h μG, p = 0.017 ** HUVEC number of cells: 24 h 1 G vs 24 h μG, p = 0.0025. The statistical analysis of the data was performed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Turkey’s test for multiple comparisons.