Fig. 2
Piezoelectric characterisation of single piezoyarns. a Schematic of a piezoyarn with silver paste applied over a length L. For clarity, only 3 filaments are depicted instead of all 24. b Piezoelectric output at a dynamic strain frequency of f = 10 Hz as a function of peak dynamic strain ε (L = 10 mm). c Sinusoidal piezoelectric voltage for f = 0.5, 2, 5 and 10 Hz (ε = 0.1%). d Measured (symbols) and calculated (solid lines) piezoelectric peak voltage as a function of frequency for L = 10 mm (red circles) and 20 mm (blue diamonds). e Schematic illustration of a piezoyarn with a conducting yarn as the outer electrode. For clarity, only 3 bicomponent filaments are depicted instead of all 24. f A piezoyarn with a PAsilver conducting yarn as the outer electrode mounted in a dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) instrument. g Generated peak voltage as a function of frequency for the piezoyarn with a conducting yarn as the outer electrode: PAcarbon black (blue diamonds), PAsteel (grey squares), and PAsilver (red circles)
