Fig. 3: Heating characteristics of the bioinspired electrode.
From: Flexible biodegradable transparent heaters based on fractal-like leaf skeletons
a Transient temperature evolution of the bioinspired heater electrode at stepwise voltage rises from 2 to 6.5 V for Ag nanowire loading of 200 μg cm−2. b Highest, lowest, and the average temperatures along with their corresponding infrared camera images. c Time-dependent surface temperatures with different sheet resistances at 4.5 V. d Temperature response over heating cycles at different voltages. e Change in temperature when the bioinspired heater electrode is bent. Inset shows the change in corresponding resistance values upon bending and the error bars show the standard deviations calculated from three independent measurements. f Digital photographs and their corresponding infrared camera images of the bioinspired heater electrode used as a conductor in the circuit when bent in the X axis, Y axis, and in crumpled positions. The Ag nanowire loading is 200 μg cm−2 and the bias applied is 3 V.
