Fig. 2: Friction effect and designation of UDF.
From: Morphology simulation of drop-on-demand inkjet-printed droplets
a Schematic diagram of friction tension and contact angle hysteresis. b The gradient of the VOF function from different views. c Structure of the CAH UDF. a Shows the relationship between friction effect and contact angle hysteresis, the red arrows represent the friction tension. b Shows the VOF gradients on the surface of ink fluid, the left figure is the vertical view and the right figure is lateral view.
