Table 1 Summary of metal-based sEMG electrodes.
From: Recent advances in flexible noninvasive electrodes for surface electromyography acquisition
Electrode material | Manufacturing method | Conductivity/resistivity | SNR/amplitude/contact impedance | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Au/UL-Sil/textile | Sputter deposition | —— | 5.00 mV | |
CuNW mesh | Solution-based nucleation and growth | —— | 80 dB | |
Au nanomesh/PVA | Electrospinning | 5.30 × 10−7 Ω m | 1 mV | |
Cu-PDMS | Femtosecond laser-activated metal deposition | 3.75 × 107 S m−1 | 18.87 dB | |
Au/plasticized silk | Plasticization process | 7 Ω sq−1 | 17.17 dB | |
AgNWs/GEPC | Mask printing, transfer technique | 9.66 Ω sq−1 | 23.64 dB | |
Au/Cr-PET | Electrohydrodynamic jet printing | —— | 31.13 dB | |
PMPC-Au/PDMS | Deposition, surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization | 2.75 Ω sq−1 | 29 ± 2.30 dB | |
Ag-PTFE | Co-sputtering process | 3.09–17.23 W sq−1 | —— | |
Au nanoparticle | e-beam evaporation, electrodeposition | 270 mW sq−1 | 1.04 mV | |
Ti thin film | Glancing angle deposition | 1–15 × 10−6 Ω m | —— | |
AgNW-PDMS | Polyol method | 5000 S cm−1 | 24.70 dB | |
AgNWs/SEBS | Spray printing | 11,000 S cm−1 | 20.70 dB | |
TPU/hydrogel/Au | Thermally cured, mechanically interlocked | 40.9 Ω sq−1 | 43.03 dB | |
ECC-PDMS | Spin-coated | 9.43 × 10−5 Ω cm | 33.99 dB | |
Au/Cr | Thermal deposition | —— | 0.30 mV | |
ECC | Spin-coating | 7.04 × 105 Ω cm | 4.66 dB | |
Au, Au/PU nanomesh | Electrospinning, magnetron sputtering | —— | 0.40 mV | |
PTFE/AgNWs/silk | Depositing, electrospinning | 3.58 Ω sq−1 | 22.59 dB | |
AgNW-TPE | Bubble blowing, spin-coating, transferring | 2.98–155.50 Ω sq−1 | 40 dB | |
Ti/Au | Laser-processed | —— | 0.40 mV | |
Cu–Au core–shell NW | Laser patterning process | —— | 22.17 dB | |
AgNW/Ecoflex | Dissolve, dry | 25 S cm−1 | 24.50 dB | |
Au | Deposition | —— | 21.09 dB | |
Ag-In-Ga-SIS | Print, heat pressing | 7.02 × 105 S m−1 | —— |
