Fig. 2: Adhesion of self-adhesive body surface stimulation film.

a Tensile stroke-force characteristics of the 10, 5, and 1 µm thick self-adhesive body surface stimulation film adhered to insect exoskeleton by wet-volatile process using ethanol. And commercial electrode paste adhered with insect exoskeleton. Tests were conducted three times in each condition. For each condition, the data of the maximum adhesion energy is shown in the graph. b Ethanol volatilization time - adhesion energy (the integral of the stroke and tensile force) characteristics of adhesion conditions same as in (a). c Tensile stroke-force characteristics depending on the liquid used for wet-volatile process when 10 µm thick self-adhesive body surface stimulation film adhered to the insect exoskeleton. Tests were conducted three times in each condition. Lines indicate average values. d Friction force characteristics of the 10 / 5 / 1 µm thick self-adhesive body surface stimulation film and commercial electrode paste adhered to glass. Forward and backward indicate when the instrument contacted the film from each direction, and the maximum force was measured. In each condition, the test was performed once. e Number of friction applied—impedance change characteristics when same conditions as in (d).