Fig. 3: Laser processing window for different sintering regions obtained for Cu complex inks on PET and polyimide substrates obtained using a continuous spot laser with Gaussian profile.
From: Laser sintering of Cu particle-free inks for high-performance printed electronics

a Graphical representation of laser processing window for different sintering region using 60 sample points for both PET and polyimide. b Surface temperature of NS sample measured using thermal camera (left) and optical inspection of the sample showing not sintered Cu complex ink (right). c Surface temperature of S sample measured using thermal camera (left) and optical inspection of the sample showing a well sintered Cu layer (right). d Surface temperature of SD sample measured using thermal camera (left) and optical inspection of the sample showing ablated or damaged region (right).