Fig. 3: Theoretical and experimental adhesion performance of CNFs-based OIA on pigskin. | npj Flexible Electronics

Fig. 3: Theoretical and experimental adhesion performance of CNFs-based OIA on pigskin.

From: Skin-adaptive nanofiber-based adhesive electronics with octopus-like 3D suction cups for enhanced transdermal delivery

Fig. 3

a Photographs comparing samples with (CNFs-OIA) and without (CNFs-hole) protuberances (top, scale: 1.5 mm; bottom, scale: 0.6 mm). b Normal adhesion performance on a pigskin substrate under different HA concentrations (w/o, 1, 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt%), showing predicted values for the OIA (blue dotted line) and experimental values (blue dots: OIA, green dots: Hole, gray dots: Flat); N = 10. c Shear adhesion performance on a pigskin substrate under different HA concentrations (w/o, 1, 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt%), presented as experimental values (blue columns: OIA, green columns: Hole, gray columns: Flat) for all groups; N = 5. d Schematics of the adhesion mechanism of a single CNFs-OIA during preloading and after unloading (top row), and FEM simulation of the corresponding stress distribution (bottom row). e FEM simulations comparing structures with (CNFs-OIA) and without (CNFs-hole) protuberances. f Rate of volume change in the inner chamber under different preloads for samples with (blue line: OIA) and without (green line: Hole) protuberances, as well as non-patterned samples (gray line: Flat). Statistical analysis was done by One-way ANOVA test followed by Turkey’s Multi-comparison test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001 versus OIA. n.s. not significant.

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