Table 1 Summary of the previous research on high-temperature oxidation (corrosion) behaviour of HEAs.
From: High-temperature oxidation behaviour of AlxFeCrCoNi and AlTiVCr compositionally complex alloys
Alloy | Exposure condition | Observation(s) | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|
AlxCoCrNi(Fe or Si) -Al0.44CrCoNiFe -Al0.8CrCoNiSi Effect of Al | 1050 °C Up to 200 h Furnace exposure | -Oxide (low Al content): External Cr2O3, internal Al2O3 and AlN; (high Al content): continuous and protective Al2O3 scale -Obeying parabolic growth law | Butler et al. (2015)8 |
CoCrFeMnNi CoNiFeMn Effect of Cr | 650 and 750 °C 1100 h Furnace exposure | -Oxide: Cr2O3 with some Mn oxide (in the Cr-containing alloy) -Mn deteriorate the oxidation resistance -No internal oxidation | Holcomb et al. (2015)9 |
FeCoNiCrMn | PO2 pressure from 10 to 105 Pa 950 °C | Oxide: An outer Mn3O4 layer, an intermediate Mn3O4 + (Mn,Cr)3O4 + Cr2O3, and an inner layer of Cr2O3. -Obeying parabolic growth law | Kai et al. (2016)10 |
CrMnFeCoNi | 500–900 °C Up to 100 h TGA | -Oxide: Mn2O3 (with minor Cr2O3) at 600 & 700 °C; Mn3O4 at 900 °C -Internal oxidation -Linear and parabolic oxidation | Laplanche et al. (2016)11 |
CuxAICoCrFeNi (x = O, 0.5, 1) Effect of Cu | 1000 °C Up to 100 h TGA | -Oxide: α-Al2O3 -From protective scale to spallation by increasing the Cu content -Internal depletion of Al -Phase changes in the alloy | Dabrowa et al. (2017)12 |
FeCoNiCr-HEAs FeCoNiCrAl FeCoNiCrMn FeCoNiCrSi | Dry air 700–900 °C Up to 48 h TGA | -Oxide: metastable/stable forms of Al2O3 -Oxidation of Al-containing and Si-containing alloy was better than FeCoNiCr -Mn-containing alloy showed the worse oxidation performance -Obeying parabolic growth law | Kai et al. (2017)13 |
WMoCrTiAl NbMoCrTiAl TaMoCrTiAl and TaMoCrTiAl micro-alloyed with Si | 900, 1000, and 1100 °C 50 h TGA | Oxide: Al-containing, Ti-containing, and Cr-rich oxides/layers -Inhomogeneous oxide scales -Ta-containing alloy showed the best oxidation performance, following the parabolic rate law for oxide growth -Extensive internal nitridation/oxidation -Si deteriorates the oxidation performance | Gorr et al. (2017)14 Muller et al. (2018)15 |
CrMnFeCoNi | 900, 1000, 1100 °C Up to 24 h TGA | -Oxides: Cr2O3 and Mn2O3 at 900 C; (Mn.Cr)2O3 and Mn3O4 at 1000 and 1100 °C -Internal oxidation and spallation of the scale at high temperatures | Kim et al. (2018)16 |
AlxTiZrNbHfTa (x = 0–1) Effect of Al | 700, 1100 and 1300 °C 50 h Furnace exposure | -Oxide: Al-rich oxide scale -“Pesting” occurs at 700–900 °C in Al0 alloy -Al improves the oxidation performance quite significantly -Poor oxidation resistance at 1300 °C -Mass gain twice of that of Ni-based alloys | Chang et al. (2018)22 |
AIxCoCrCuFeNi (x = O, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2) Effect of Al | 1000 °C Up to 100 h Furnace exposure | -Oxide: Al2O3 (High Al content) and non-protective Cr2O3 (low Al) -Internal depletion of Al and Cr -Phase changes in the alloy | Liu et al. (2019)18 |
CoCrFeNiAlxTiy (x = 0.5) CoCrFeNiAl0.5 CoCrFeNiAlTi0.5 Effect of Al and Ti | 1000 °C Up to 100 h Furnace exposure | -Oxide: Al2O3 (Al containing) and mixed oxides (Ti containing alloy) -Positive effect of Al (the scale) -Ti worsen the oxidation resistance -Parabolic growth law (the Ti-lean alloy) | Erdogan et al. (2019)19 |
FeCoNiCrMn | CO2/CO 700 and 950 °C 1100 h Furnace exposure | -Oxide: Mixture of MnO, (Mn,Fe)3O4, and (Mn,Cr)3O4 -No internal oxidation -Obeying parabolic growth law | Kai et al. (2019)20 |
