Fig. 8: Electrochemical and simple corrosion induced hydrogen permeation behaviors.

a, b Electrochemical permeation curves obtained using the typical permeation apparatus with and without the application of cathodic current in the charging side, respectively. c Brief sketch showing the principle of the hydrogen permeation measurements using the modified permeation apparatus with the galvanic corrosion cell in the charging side. d Hydrogen permeation current densities and galvanic current densities measured in detection side and galvanic corrosion side, respectively, of the modified permeation apparatus.