Table 3 The mediating effects of orthostatic blood pressure changes (∆SBP_min, ∆DBP_min) on subdomain composite scores.

From: Cardiac sympathetic burden reflects Parkinson disease burden, regardless of high or low orthostatic blood pressure changes

Predictor (a): delayed H/M ratio
Motor composite score (c’)
Mediator (b): ΔSBP_min
Type	Effect	Estimate	SE	Lower 95% CI	Upper 95% CI	β	z	p
Indirect	a → b → c’	−0.069	0.069	−0.219	0.058	−0.029	−0.100	0.319
Component	a → b	−11.665	2.214	−15.711	−6.766	−0.325	−5.268	<0.001
Component	b → c’	0.006	0.006	−0.005	0.017	0.089	1.046	0.295
Direct	a → c’	−0.300	0.146	−0.589	−0.015	−0.126	−2.055	0.040
Total	Indirect + direct	−0.363	0.146	−0.650	−0.077	−0.151	−2.485	0.013
Mediator (b): ΔDBP_min
Type	Effect	Estimate	SE	Lower	Upper	β	z	p
Indirect	a → b → c’	−0.033	0.048	−0.139	0.054	−0.014	−0.688	0.492
Component	a → b	−5.270	1.361	−7.870	−2.670	−0.251	−3.873	<0.001
Component	b → c’	0.006	0.009	−0.011	0.025	0.055	0.707	0.479
Direct	a → c’	−0.334	0.147	−0.621	−0.037	−0.139	−2.269	0.023
Total	Indirect + direct	−0.363	0.146	−0.650	−0.077	−0.151	−2.485	0.013
Sleep composite score(c”)
Mediator (b): ΔSBP_min
Type	Effect	Estimate	SE	Lower 95% CI	Upper 95% CI	β	z	p
Indirect	a → b → c”	−0.061	0.046	−0.161	0.026	−0.030	−1.333	0.183
Component	a → b	−11.665	2.207	−16.194	−7.582	−0.325	−5.285	<0.001
Component	b → c”	0.005	0.004	−0.002	0.013	0.091	1.415	0.157
Direct	a → c”	−0.613	0.124	−0.850	−0.370	−0.298	−4.960	<0.001
Total	Indirect + direct	−0.669	0.130	−0.923	−0.415	−0.325	−5.163	<0.001
Mediator (b): ΔDBP_min
Type	Effect	Estimate	SE	Lower 95% CI	Upper 95% CI	β	z	p
Indirect	a → b → c”	−0.005	0.032	−0.072	0.063	−0.003	−0.161	0.872
Component	a → b	−5.270	1.316	−7.997	−2.770	−0.251	−4.006	<0.001
Component	b → c”	0.001	0.006	−0.011	0.014	0.010	0.166	0.868
Direct	a → c”	−0.665	0.133	−0.924	−0.409	−0.323	−5.009	<0.001
Total	Indirect + direct	−0.669	0.130	−0.923	−0.415	−0.325	−5.163	<0.001
Autonomic composite score(c”’)
Mediator (b): ΔSBP_min
Type	Effect	Estimate	SE	Lower 95% CI	Upper 95% CI	β	z	p
Indirect	a → b → c”’	0.010	0.043	−0.073	0.097	0.005	0.224	0.822
Component	a → b	−11.665	2.110	−15.643	−7.259	−0.325	−5.527	<0.001
Component	b → c”’	−0.153	0.004	−0.008	0.006	−0.014	−0.226	0.821
Direct	a → c”’	−0.356	0.144	−0.650	−0.073	−0.165	−2.476	0.013
Total	Indirect + direct	−0.347	0.141	−0.624	−0.071	−0.161	−2.463	0.014
Mediator (b): ΔDBP_min
Type	Effect	Estimate	SE	Lower 95% CI	Upper 95% CI	β	z	p
Indirect	a → b → c”’	0.018	0.034	−0.041	0.097	0.008	0.532	0.594
Component	a → b	−5.270	1.317	−7.836	−2.771	−0.251	−4.000	<0.001
Component	b → c”’	−0.003	0.006	−0.016	0.009	−0.034	−0.565	0.572
Direct	a → c”’	−0.364	0.137	−0.629	−0.091	−0.168	−2.650	0.008
Total	Indirect + direct	−0.347	0.141	−0.624	−0.071	−0.161	−2.463	0.014

Confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated with percentile bootstrap (n = 1000) method. Betas are completely standardized effect sizes.
The mediation model was controlled by age and disease duration. Multicollinearity was prevented by mean centering method.
SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, SE standard error, a Delayed heart-to-mediastinum (H/M) ratio, b ∆SBP_min or ∆DBP_min, c’ motor composite score, c” sleep composite score, c”’ autonomic composite score.

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Table 3 The mediating effects of orthostatic blood pressure changes (∆SBP_min, ∆DBP_min) on subdomain composite scores.

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