Table 1 Results of multivariate logistic regression analyses of the odours common to the UK and US versions of the UPSIT, and the 6 odours most strongly associated with Parkinson’s disease.
Odour | Model including all significant odours | Model including 6 odours most strongly associated with PD | Likelihood ratio test statistics between nested models | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Coefficient | OR (95% CI) | p-Value | Coefficient | OR (95% CI) | p-Value | χ2 | p-Value | |
Gasoline | −1.492617 | 0.22 (0.15–0.34) | 5.66 × 10−12 | −1.952729 | 0.14 (0.1–0.21) | 2.17 × 10−24 | 663.52 | 2.57 × 10−146 |
Soap | −1.956232 | 0.14 (0.10–0.21) | 4.43 × 10−23 | −2.232339 | 0.11 (0.08–0.15) | 1.36 × 10−34 | 354.48 | 4.486 × 10−79 |
Watermelon | −1.436059 | 0.24 (0.15–0.37) | 6.69 × 10−11 | −1.859984 | 0.16 (0.11–0.23) | 5.82 × 10−21 | 230.33 | 5.042 × 10−52 |
Lemon | −1.402295 | 0.25 (0.17–0.35) | 1.40 × 10−14 | −1.511823 | 0.22 (0.16–0.3) | 6.21 × 10−20 | 131.11 | 2.337 × 10−30 |
Cinnamon | −1.174883 | 0.31 (0.21–0.45) | 8.66 × 10−10 | −1.544792 | 0.21 (0.15–0.3) | 2.35 × 10−18 | 96.36 | 9.601 × 10−23 |
Natural gas | −1.084457 | 0.34 (0.21–0.54) | 6.15 × 10−6 | −1.561454 | 0.21 (0.14–0.32) | 7.06 × 10−13 | 55.57 | 9.03 × 10−14 |
Rose | −0.8652221 | 0.42 (0.28–0.63) | 2.71 × 10−5 | 38.76 | 4.79 × 10−10 | |||
Paint thinner | −0.8597572 | 0.42 (0.29–0.61) | 6.03 × 10−6 | 28.29 | 1.05 × 10−7 | |||
Pineapple | −0.7759867 | 0.46 (0.30–0.71) | 0.0004 | 20.42 | 6.21 × 10−6 | |||
Banana | −0.6495947 | 0.52 (0.35–0.77) | 0.0011 | 13.07 | 0.0003 | |||
Cedar | −0.5584326 | 0.57 (0.39–0.84) | 0.0048 | 10.25 | 0.0014 | |||
Cherry | −0.5074133 | 0.60 (0.41–0.88) | 0.0087 | 7.12 | 0.0076 | |||
Strawberry | 0.6116164 | 1.84 (1.21–2.81) | 0.0045 | 7.00 | 0.0082 | |||
Coconut | −0.4896007 | 0.61 (0.41–0.91) | 0.0143 | 5.87 | 0.0154 | |||
Menthol | −0.6320504 | 0.53 (0.32–0.88) | 0.0148 | 4.22 | 0.0400 | |||
Mint | 0.5117308 | 1.67 (1.08–2.57) | 0.0209 | 5.48 | 0.0192 | |||
Constant | 8.66404 | 5790.88 (2480.46–13519.39) | 3.09 × 10−89 | 7.313897 | 1501.02 (754.9–2984.58) | 1.33 × 10−96 | ||
