Table 2 Cox regression analyses of dyskinesia (N = 61).

From: High PSQI score is associated with the development of dyskinesia in Parkinson’s disease

Variables

Univariable analysis

Multivariable analysis

β

HR (95% CI)

p

β

HR (95% CI)

p

Age

−0.125

0.88 (0.36–2.17)

0.785

NA

NA

NA

Male

−0.436

0.65 (0.24–1.78)

0.398

NA

NA

NA

Duration of PD

0.843

2.32 (1.38–3.92)

0.002

0.736

2.09 (1.05–4.17)

0.037

Motor fluctuation

0.746

2.11 (0.86–5.16)

0.103

NA

NA

NA

FOG

0.707

2.03 (0.84–4.90)

0.125

NA

NA

NA

RBD

0.469

1.60 (0.65–3.91)

0.305

NA

NA

NA

H-Y

0.839

2.31 (0.95–5.67)

0.067

NA

NA

NA

MDS-UPDRS III

0.050

1.68 (0.70–4.06)

0.248

NA

NA

NA

NMSS

0.830

2.29 (1.27–4.16)

0.006

NA

NA

NA

HAMA

0.970

2.64 (1.05–6.62)

0.039

NA

NA

NA

HAMD

0.274

1.32 (0.53–3.30)

0.559

−0.978

0.38 (0.12–1.17)

0.090

MMSE

0.571

1.77 (0.52–6.05)

0.363

NA

NA

NA

MOCA

0.764

2.15 (0.89–5.19)

0.090

1.486

4.42 (1.40–14.00)

0.011

LEDD

0.654

1.92 (1.15–3.20)

0.012

NA

NA

NA

LEDD/Weight

1.680

5.35 (1.78–16.10)

0.003

1.120

3.06 (0.93–10.10)

0.064

PSQI

1.080

2.93 (1.17–7.36)

0.022

1.085

2.96 (1.05–8.35)

0.041

PDSS

1.080

2.94 (0.86–10.10)

0.087

NA

NA

NA

ESS

0.226

1.25 (0.50–3.14)

0.630

NA

NA

NA

  1. FOG Freezing of Gait, RBD Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder Questionnaire, MDS-UPDRS III part III of Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, NMSS Non-Motor Symptom Scale, HAMA Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, HAMD Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, MMSE Mini-Mental State Examination, MOCA Montreal Cognitive Assessment, LEDD levodopa equivalent daily dose, PSQI Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PDSS Parkinson’s Disease Sleep Scale, ESS Epworth Sleepiness Scale, HR Hazard Rati, CI Confidence Interval, NA no applicable.
  2. Bold fonts indicate statistical significance at p < 0.05.