Table 1 Overview of values for key clinical parameters of samples from the LRRK2 cohort consortium: age at sampling, age at onset, age at diagnosis, disease duration, familial history (y/n), Levodopa Equivalent Daily Dose (LEDD), Unified Parkinson’s disease rating scale III (UPDRS III), modified Hoehn and Yahr Stage, Modified Schwab and England Consensus Rating, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA).

From: Alterations in the LRRK2-Rab pathway in urinary extracellular vesicles as Parkinson’s disease and pharmacodynamic biomarkers

Descriptor

LRRK2-/PD- n = 19

LRRK2−/PD+ n = 20

LRRK2+/PD− n = 14

LRRK2+/PD+ n = 15

Statistical summarya

Age at sampling (years), mean ± SD (median)

61.3 ± 10.9 (61)

62.6 ± 8.4 (62)

60.3 ± 12.9 (59.5)

66.1 ± 11.5 (71)

n.s.b

Age at onset (years), mean ± SD (median)

NA

56.1 ± 24.4 (55)

NA

55.1 ± 12.6 (58)

n.s.

Age at diagnosis (years), mean ± SD (median)

NA

58 ± 20 (58)

NA

57.2 ± 19.5 (61)

n.s.

Disease duration (years), mean ± SD (median)

NA

5.9 ± 3.1 (6)

NA

11.1 ± 5.6 (10)

0.0018

Familial History of PD, n= total no/total yes

4/15

12/8

1/13

5/10

0.118c

LEDD mg, mean ± SD (median)

NA

566 ± 406 (550)

NA

1060 ± 725 (835)

0.0861

UPDRS III, mean ± SD (median)

NA

25.8 ± 10.5 (25)

NA

22.6 ± 8.9 (24)

n.s.

Modified Hoehn and Yahr score, mean ± SD (median)

NA

2 ± 0.3 (2)

NA

2.5 ± 0.8 (2)

0.0206

Schwab and England, mean ± SD (median)

NA

90.3 ± 7 (90)

NA

71.4 ± 19 (80)

0.0008

MoCA, mean ± SD (median), out of 30

26.4 ± 2.5 (27)

25.9 ± 3.2 (27)

25.6 ± 3.6 (26.5)

22.4 ± 4.3 (23)

0.0145 for LRRK2+/PD+, n.s. for LRRK2−/PD+ and LRRK2+/PD−b

  1. aP-values > 0.3 are indicated as n.s. (not significant). P-values < 0.05 are bold italics. Statistical comparisons are carried out by the use of the 2-tailed Mann–Whitney test for the LRRK2−/PD+ group compared to the LRRK2+/PD+ group, except for comparisons indicated by bwhere all groups are compared by use of the Kruskal–Wallis test followed by the Dunn’s multiple comparison test using the LRRK2−/PD− group as the reference group and for comparisons indicated by cwhere a Chi² test is applied.