Table 3 Model-based predictions of two-year progression on clinical measurements.

From: Two-year clinical progression in focal and diffuse subtypes of Parkinson’s disease

 

Mild-motor predominant (I)

Intermediate (II)

Diffuse-malignant (III)

p-value

Post-hoc

% imputed data

Count

201

153

49

   

Treatment initiation (Y/N)

8/6

3/1

2/0

   

Motor symptoms

ΔLEDD

218.56 (23.27)

223.13 (25.18)

278.10 (41.36)

0.39

 

41.1

ΔMotor composite

1.81 (0.36)

2.59 (0.38)

3.92 (0.76)

0.059

III > I (p = 0.053)

17.2

ΔMDS-UPDRS-III total

4.20 (0.83)

5.58 (0.92)

8.86 (1.74)

0.064

III > I (p = 0.053)

17.2

ΔBradykinesia

2.22 (0.47)

2.79 (0.52)

4.40 (1.03)

0.17

 

17.2

ΔRigidity

1.17 (0.24)

1.59 (0.27)

2.46 (0.49)

0.057

III > I (p = 0.049)

17.2

ΔPIGD

−0.01 (0.12)

0.32 (0.14)

0.98 (0.28)

0.007

III > I (p = 0.006)

III > II (p = 0.077)

17.3

ΔResting tremor

0.50 (0.17)

0.41 (0.20)

0.45 (0.34)

0.89

 

17.2

ΔAction tremor

−0.28 (0.12)

−0.34 (0.13)

−0.27 (0.23)

0.85

 

17.2

ΔMDS-UPDRS-II total

0.57 (0.31)

1.19 (0.33)

2.66 (0.63)

0.020

III > I (p = 0.015)

III > II (p = 0.085)

17.2

ΔROMP

0.23 (0.19)

0.64 (0.21)

0.89 (0.38)

0.18

 

17.2

ΔMDS-UPDRS-IV total

0.64 (0.20)

1.22 (0.24)

1.05 (0.40)

0.17

 

18.2

Motor symptom subscores relative to total MDS-UPDRS-III

ΔBradykinesia (%)

0.93 (0.53)

0.04 (0.64)

−0.48 (1.10)

0.37

 

17.2

ΔRigidity (%)

1.39 (0.66)

1.67 (0.74)

1.53 (1.31)

0.86

 

17.2

ΔPIGD (%)

−1.84 (0.45)

−1.13 (0.55)

0.08 (0.95)

0.17

 

17.2

ΔResting tremor (%)

0.10 (0.44)

0.06 (0.50)

0.12 (0.93)

0.91

 

17.2

ΔAction tremor (%)

−2.58 (0.44)

−2.84 (0.51)

−2.84 (0.89)

0.83

 

17.2

ΔOther (%)

1.53 (0.40)

1.74 (0.47)

1.80 (0.81)

0.85

 

17.2

Diffusivity of bradykinesia-rigidity symptoms

ΔRight vs. left

−0.05 (0.01)

−0.04 (0.01)

−0.08 (0.02)

0.25

 

17.2

ΔArm vs. leg

−0.03 (0.01)

−0.05 (0.01)

−0.07 (0.02)

0.21

 

17.2

Non-motor symptoms

ΔMDS-UPDRS-I total

0.03 (0.35)

0.67 (0.38)

2.25 (0.70)

0.025

III > I (p = 0.019)

III > II (p = 0.091)

17.2

ΔMoCA

−0.58 (0.16)

−1.13 (0.18)

−1.64 (0.32)

0.004

I > II (p = 0.055)

I > III (p = 0.007)

19.2

ΔBDI-II

0.05 (0.32)

0.56 (0.35)

1.51 (0.60)

0.11

 

17.3

ΔSTAI - Trait

−0.59 (0.47)

−0.71 (0.52)

0.63 (0.91)

0.39

 

17.2

ΔSTAI - State

−1.06 (0.46)

−0.28 (0.52)

0.97 (0.87)

0.12

 

17.2

ΔQUIP

−1.94 (0.63)

1.50 (0.72)

0.88 (1.30)

0.001

II > I (p = 0.007)

17.2

ΔPDQ-39

0.27 (0.59)

1.26 (0.62)

4.18 (1.12)

0.016

III > I (p = 0.011)

III > II (p = 0.047)

18.2

ΔRBDSQ

0.25 (0.16)

0.82 (0.18)

1.17 (0.32)

0.019

II > I (p = 0.066)

III > I (p = 0.035)

17.2

ΔSCOPA-AUT

1.24 (0.41)

1.06 (0.45)

4.02 (0.81)

0.004

III > I (p = 0.01)

III > II (p = 0.003)

17.2

ΔVIPD-Q

0.81 (0.53)

1.53 (0.62)

3.82 (1.19)

0.078

III > I (p = 0.061)

17.3

  1. Estimated marginal means (standard errors) of two-year progression. ΔDelta (follow-up – baseline). PIGD Postural instability and gait disturbance, ROMP Radboud Oral Inventory for Parkinson’s Disease, MoCA Montreal Cognitive Assessment, BDI Beck’s Depression Index, STAI State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, QUIP Questionnaire for Impulsive-Compulsive Disorders in Parkinson’s Disease, PDQ Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire, VIPD-Q Visual Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire.
  2. P-values of significant between-subtype comparisons are listed in bold.
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