Table 3 Assessed prodromal and risk markers in Lifelines
Assessed marker: | Assessed how: | Scored if: | Assessed in: |
|---|---|---|---|
Presence of Parkinson’s disease | Parkinson’s disease / Could you indicate which of the following disorders you have (had)? | Yes | 1A, 1B, 1C, 2A, 3A, 3B |
Parkinson’s disease / Did the health problems listed below start since the last time you filled in the Lifelines questionnaire? | |||
Smoking status | Current smoker (yes/no) | Current/former/never yes | 1A, 1B, 1C, 2A, 2B, 3A |
Never smoker (yes/no) | |||
Ever smoker (yes/no) | |||
Use of caffeine | How often did you drink coffee in the past month? Include instant coffee and decaf / score range from 1 (not this month) through 7 (6-7 days a week) | Value 5 or higher (2-3 days a week or more) | 1B, 1C or 2A |
Which type of coffee did you drink in the past month? Caffeinated coffee / score range from 1 (never) through 4 (always) | Value 3 (often) or higher | ||
First-degree relative with Parkinson’s disease | Parkinson’s disease / Do/did your biological children/father/mother/ (half)siblings have any of the following conditions (yes/no) | Yes | 1B |
Diabetes mellitus type 2 | Do you have diabetes? What type? | Yes, type 2 | 1A, 1B, 1C, 2A, 3A |
Type 2 diabetes / did the health problems listed below start since the last time you filled in the lifelines questionnaire | |||
Physical inactivity | SQUASH: minutes per week moderate/vigorous intensity activity32 | <60 minutes per week | 1A |
Constipation | ROME III questionnaire: how often did you have fewer than 3 (0-2) bowel movements a week in the past 3 months? Score range from 1 (rarely or never) - 5 (always)31 | Value 2 (sometimes) or higher | 2A, 3A |
Use of prescribed laxatives - ATC codes | Yes | 1A | |
Use of over-the-counter laxatives | Yes | 1A, 1B, 1C, 2A, 2B | |
Possible RBD | PSQI: if you have a roommate or bed partner, ask him/her how often in the past month you had twitching or kicking of the legs29 | Value 3 (once or twice per week) or higher | 1B |
Excessive daytime somnolence | Epworth Sleepiness Scale28 | Total score ≥ 11 | 1C |
Urinary dysfunction | Incontinence / could you indicate which of the following disorders you have (had)? | Yes | 1A |
Depression | Depression / could you indicate which of the following disorders you have (had)? | Yes | 1A, 1B, 1C, 2A, 3A |
Depression / did the health problems listed below start since the last time you filled in the Lifelines questionnaire? | |||
Global cognitive deficit | MMSE in >65 years old30 | Score <24 | 1A, 3A |
