Fig. 1: Pattern of calbindin expression in the ventral midbrain.

a Representative images of TH and Cb immunohistochemistry in the midbrain of control monkeys. Dashed insets at higher magnification of TH+ and Cb+ cells. b Percentage of TH+ neurons constraint within nigrosome and matrix in the control monkey’s midbrain (n = 2; 5978 ± 281 neurons). c Percentage of TH+ neurons co-expressing Cb in the control monkey’s midbrain (n = 2; 5724 ± 359). d, e Loss of TH+ neurons in the matrix and nigrosome compartments in control and MPTP-treated monkeys (n = 2/group; MPTP n = 6). f, g Loss of TH + /Cb+ and TH + /Cb- neurons in the control and MPTP-treated monkeys (n = 2/group; MPTP n = 6). Data represent mean + SEM. Symbols indicate significant differences compared with control *P < 0.05. Ctrl, control; Asym, asymptomatic; Rec, recovered; Park, parkinsonian; * symbol indicate nigrosome calbindin-poor region; dSNc: Dorsal Substantia nigra pars compacta; SNr: Substantia nigra pars reticulata; VTA: Ventral Tegmental Area; D: dorsal; V: ventral; M: medial; L: lateral. Scale bar: 1 mm (inset 50 μm).