Table 2 Time Effects in Linear Mixed-Effects Models for Longitudinal Changes in Clinical Features and the ALPS Index in the pPD Cohort

From: Perivascular space fluid diffusivity predicts clinical deterioration in prodromal and early-stage Parkinson’s disease

 

β (SE)

t

P-value

UPDRS-III

1.602(0.724)

2.213

0.035

MoCA

0.725(0.274)

2.642

0.013

PDNMS

−0.268(0.340)

−0.789

0.436

ALPS

−0.006(0.006)

−0.974

0.338

  1. Linear mixed-effects models included time, sex, and age as fixed effects.
  2. UPDRS-III Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, Part III, MoCA Montreal Cognitive Assessment, PDNMS Parkinson’s disease Non-Motor Symptoms Questionnaire, ALPS diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space.
  3. All participants included in our pPD cohort received a second MRI scan at the end of follow-up.
  4. Bold values indicate statistical significance (P < 0.05).
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