Fig. 5: Preparation of chaotic states.
From: Certification of quantum states with hidden structure of their bitstrings
a Fragment of a quantum circuit generating chaotic quantum state according to the protocol proposed in ref. 30. b Partial dissimilarities (red circles) of bit-string arrays resulting from 8192 projective measurements of a 19-layer-deep quantum chaotic circuit with 16 qubits in the σz basis (in the random basis, the profile of \({{{{\mathcal{D}}}}}_{k}\) is exactly the same). Here, filter size Λ = 2. Dashed line shows the analytical fit with (4). c Partial dissimilarities of bit-string arrays in the σz basis resulting from 8192 projective measurements of the state produced by the 53-qubit Sycamore quantum processor by Google. These data were taken from ref. 6, and different filter sizes Λ were used to compute \({{{{\mathcal{D}}}}}_{k}\). Dashed lines correspond to Eq. (4). Random basis measurements are not available in this case.
