Fig. 1
From: Artificial creation and separation of a single vortex–antivortex pair in a ferroelectric flatland

a Surface morphology of the as-grown BFO/SRO/DSO sample. b In-plane piezoresponse force microscopic image for the identical sample, taken at a tip orientation displayed by the tip cartoon. Horizontal scale bars represent 1 µm. c 2θ-ω scan for the as-grown BFO/SRO/DSO sample. The enlarged view of the (002) peak on the right panel