Fig. 3: Spin-orbit gap in monolayer CrI₃.

a–b Calculated electronic band structure of ferromagnetic CrI₃ monolayer with a spin direction along out-of-plane c axis (M//c), and b in-plane a axis (M//a). The tuning of spin direction causes three significant changes in electronic band structures, including a direct-to-indirect bandgap transition, change of Fermi surface, and modification of the topological states. (adapted from ref. ¹⁷ with permission, copyright American Chemical Society 2018).