Fig. 2: Nonreciprocity of Ni₃TeO₆ in the three different measurement configurations.

Summary of the three different measurement configurations of interest in this work: a toroidal (k ⊥ H ⊥ polarization, b magnetochiral (k ∥ H ∥ chirality), and c transverse magnetochiral (k ∥ H ⊥ chirality). Nonreciprocal directional dichroism spectra of Ni₃TeO₆ at 60 T in the toroidal (a), magnetochiral (b), and transverse magnetochiral (c) configurations, respectively. These spectra were measured in the Voigt (a) and Faraday (b, c) geometries. The nonreciprocal responses in panels (b, c) are reproduced from ref. ²⁰. The linear absorption spectrum of Ni₃TeO₆ at 4.2 K is shown below each nonreciprocal panel for comparison. The polarization directions and on-site Ni d-to-d excitations are labeled.