Fig. 3: Comparison of cartilage potentials of MSCs derived from bone marrow, adipose tissue, synovium, and umbilical Wharton’s jelly.

Although these MSCs may have similar morphology, their biological functions are quite different, which contribute to the heterogeneous cartilage repair potentials among them. Based on the date from previous researches, the accessibility, invasion during harvest, proliferation potential, chondrogenesis, immunogenicity, and immunomodulatory ability of MSCs form different tissue are compared with each other, which are visualized by color and length ranging from high (long brown band) to low (short yellow band).