Fig. 9: Meta-Analysis and subgroup analyses.

a Subgroup analysis for species, b sex, c age, d implant site and diameter, and e follow-up time. Age and follow-time subcategorization are species-dependent; see Table 1 for cut-off values young vs adult (c) and short vs medium vs long (e) per species. Numbers in bar represent number of experimental groups. Black dotted line and gray shades representing grouped ER with 95% CI respectively. Red dotted line: overall ER patency. Significance *pā<ā0.05.