Fig. 4: Neural crest-lineage single-cell transcriptomics in early ligament regeneration.

a, b UMAP of single-cell RNA sequencing data of neural crest-derived cells from early ligament regeneration colored by (a) cluster or (b) sample. c DotPlot of marker genes used to identify each cluster. d RNAscope single-molecule fluorescent in situ hybridization (smFISH) for scxa (cyan), col12a1a (yellow), and acta2 (magenta) in an uninjured ligament. d’ smFISH for scxa, col12a1a, and acta2 expression at 3 dplt. Insets highlighting scxa+ col12a1a+ regenerative mesenchyme (inset 1, n = 5 per time point), acta2+ perivascular cells (inset 2), and acta2-low mesenchyme near the ligament stub (inset 3). Scale bars = 50 μm (d, d’), 10 μm (insets in d), ligament stub outlined in white dashed line.