Fig. 2: Therapeutic efficacy evaluation of ASC-Exos via different administration routes in subacute and chronic OA models. | npj Regenerative Medicine

Fig. 2: Therapeutic efficacy evaluation of ASC-Exos via different administration routes in subacute and chronic OA models.

From: Deer antler ASCs exosomes ameliorate osteoarthritis via miR-140/MMP13 axis-mediated dual modulation of inflammation and cartilage regeneration

Fig. 2: Therapeutic efficacy evaluation of ASC-Exos via different administration routes in subacute and chronic OA models.

A Schematic illustration of the experimental design showing the establishment of MIA-induced subacute and chronic OA models and subsequent ASC-Exos treatment through three different administration routes (intra-articular injection, IA; intravenous injection, IV; and oral administration, PO). Created in BioRender. Yuhao, S. (2025) https://BioRender.com/5oovafo. B Macroscopic appearance of knee joint cartilage in subacute and chronic OA models following different treatments. C Histological analysis of cartilage tissues in the subacute OA model. H&E staining (upper panel) and Safranin O-Fast Green (S-F) staining (lower panel) showing cartilage structure and proteoglycan content. Quantitative assessment using Mankin and OARSI scoring systems is presented in the corresponding bar graphs (right panel). Scale bars: 500 μm. Data are presented as mean ± SD. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 versus Normal-PBS-IA group. D Histological evaluation of cartilage tissues in the chronic OA model. H&E staining (upper panel) and S-F staining (lower panel) showing cartilage structure and proteoglycan content. Quantitative analysis using Mankin and OARSI scores is shown in the corresponding bar graphs (right panel). Scale bars: 500 μm. Data are presented as mean ± SD. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 versus Normal-PBS-IA group.

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