Table 6 Imaging genetic studies
Author | Year | n (HC/SZ/SAD/BD) | Bipolar subtype | Illness duration | Medication status | Genes | Imaging modality | Design | Analysis type | Tesla | Main findings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mechelli et al. 101 | 2008 | 45/41/0/29 | Chronic | Medicated | Neuregulin 1 | Verbal fluency task fMRI | Block design | Full factorial ANOVA | 1.5 | HC > BD = SZ in activation in the angular gyrus. Significant diagnosis x genotype interaction in prefrontal cortex activation | |
Prata et al. 102 | 2011 | 53/44/0/35 | P/NP | Chronic | Medicated | DISC 1 | Verbal fluency task fMRI | Block design | Full factorial ANOVA | 1.5 | HC < SZ in activation in middle frontal gyrus, no differences between HC and BD. Group × genotype interaction (HC and SZ) in left superior frontal gyrus activation |
Papagni et al. 103 | 2011 | 48/40/0/33 | Chronic | Medicated | DAAO | Verbal fluency task fMRI | Block design | Full factorial ANOVA | 1.5 | HC > SZ in activation of the PCC, no group differences between SZ and BD. Diagnosis x genotype interaction in precuneus and PCC | |
Tesli et al. 144 | 2013 | 123/52/9/66 | P | Chronic | Medicated | CACNAC1C | Emotionally salient fMRI | Block design | Full factorial ANOVA | 1.5 | No significant diagnosis x genotype interaction in all groups |
Kittel-Schneider et al. 45 | 2015 | 18/23/0/30 | P/NP | FE | Medicated | DGKH | Structural MRI | ROI (manual tracing) | ANOVA | 1.5 | HC > BD > SZ in left amygdala volume. Significant gene × volume effect in right amygdala |
Oertel-Knochel et al. 104 | 2015 | 50/24/0/20 | Chronic | Medicated | 7 SZ risk SNPs | Structural MRI | VBM | Hierarchal regression analyses | 3 | HC > SZ = BD in white matter volume, association between risk genes and white matter volume found only in HC, not SZ or BD | |
Mallas et al. 105 | 2016 | 124/63/0/42 | NP | Chronic | Medicated | CACNAA1C | Diffusion tensor imaging | TBSS | ANOVA | 1.5 | No genotype main effect, no group by genotype interaction |
Tandon et al. 145 | 2016 | 123/139/90/160 | P | Chronic | Medicated | Large number of SNPs | Structural MRI | Free surfer | Para-ICA | 3 | Four structural and three genetic components that showed overlapping relationships with the disease risk genes across illnesses |
