Table 4 Regression analyses of predictors of language disturbances in schizophrenia patients.

Language variables	Significant predictor(s)	B	Confidence Interval B (95%)		β	Adjusted R²	p-value (uncorr.)	p-value (FDR corr.)
1. Articulation rate	PANSS positive	0.067	0.003	0.132	0.299	0.298	0.002**	0.004**
	PANSS negative	−0.069	−0.120	−0.017	−0.380
	D2R occupancy	−0.359	−0.659	−0.059	−0.342
2. Pause duration	D2R occupancy	0.089	0.010	0.167	0.380	0.114	0.049*	0.055
	Dosage (mg)^a	0.0002	−0.00002	0.0005	0.304
3. Speaking turn duration	PANSS positive	0.917	0.386	1.447	0.510	0.239	0.001**	0.002**
4. Percentage of time speaking	PANSS negative	−1.178	−1.664	−0.692	−0.574	0.539	<0.0001**	<0.0001**
	PANSS general	0.626	0.210	1.043	0.356
	D2R occupancy	−6.525	−9.302	−3.748	−0.547
5. MLU	PANSS negative	−0.498	−0.911	−0.085	−0.348	0.282	0.001**	0.003**
	D2R occupancy	−3.988	−6.384	−1.593	−0.480
6. TTR	PANSS negative	0.003	0.0005	0.005	0.333	0.407	<0.0001**	<0.0001**
	PANSS general	−0.003	−0.004	−0.001	−0.412
	D2R occupancy	0.025	0.013	0.037	0.558
7. Clauses per utterance	D2R occupancy	−0.008	−0.017	−0.00001	−0.325	0.080	0.050	0.050
8. Open–closed ratio	PANSS negative	0.006	0.002	0.009	0.442	0.215	0.006**	0.009**
	D2R occupancy	0.022	−0.001	0.044	0.294
9. Pause to word ratio	PANSS negative	0.261	0.042	0.481	0.360	0.206	0.008**	0.010**
	D2R occupancy	1.598	0.322	2.875	0.380

The table displays unstandardized (B) and standardized (β) regression coefficient for each significant predictor, in a model for each of the language variables. The adjusted R² and ANOVA p-values display the fit and significance of the full model. Predictors entered into the model were: PANSS positive, negative and general, D2R occupancy and chlorpromazine equivalent dose.
PANSS positive and negative syndrome scale, D2R dopamine D₂ receptor, FDR false discovery rate, uncorr. uncorrected, corr. corrected, MLU mean length of utterance, TTR type-token ratio.
*indicates significance at the level of α = 0.05.
**indicates significance at the level of α = 0.01, No significant relations were found between PANSS and medication and noun verb ratio and percentage of disfluencies.
^aChlorpromazine equivalent dose.

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