Table 1 Demographic, clinical and cognitive data at baseline of the 91 participants in the study, classified as non-relapse (those patients that had not experienced a relapse after 3 years of enrollment) or relapse (those patients that relapsed during the 3-year follow-up).
From: Epigenetic clocks in relapse after a first episode of schizophrenia
Non-Relapse | Relapse | Statistics | |
|---|---|---|---|
N | 49 | 42 | |
Age (years), mean ± SD | 26.6 ± 5.8 | 25.9 ± 5.9 | t89 = 0.60 p = 0.545 |
Age at first diagnosis (years), mean ± SD | 24.9 ± 5.6 | 24.7 ± 5.8 | t88 = 0.19 p = 0.851 |
Time since first episode (years), mean ± SD | 1.67 ± 1.44 | 0.90 ± 1.06 | t89 = 2.82, p = 0.006 |
Gender, male, N (%) | 38 (77.6) | 27 (64.3) | X21 = 1.95 p = 0.163 |
Ethnicity, Caucasian, N (%) | 44 (89.8) | 36 (85.7) | X21 = 1.81 p = 0.771 |
Cannabis use, N (%) | 5 (10.4) | 8 (19.0) | X21 = 1.35 p = 0.245 |
Tobacco use, N (%) | 24 (49.0) | 24 (57.1) | X21 = 0.60 p = 0.437 |
Alcohol use, N (%) | 18 (36.7) | 21 (50.0) | X21 = 1.65 p = 0.202 |
Antipsychotic CEDD, mean ± SD | 254.8 ± 228.9 | 302.2 ± 305.8 | t89 = −0.84 p = 0.401 |
Symptomatology | |||
Marder Positive symptoms, mean ± SD | 11.6 ± 3.5 | 11.5 ± 3.9 | t89 = 0.15 p = 0.882 |
Marder Negative symptoms, mean ± SD | 14.2 ± 5.1 | 13.1 ± 5.6 | t89 = 0.97 p = 0.333 |
Cognitive Domains1 | |||
Working memory, mean ± SD | 77.8 ± 15.1 | 73.9 ± 14.2 | t88 = 1.24 p = 0.216 |
Verbal memory, mean ± SD | 237.7 ± 68.9 | 221.4 ± 69.9 | t86 = 1.07 p = 0.286 |
Executive function, mean ± SD | 224.2 ± 34.5 | 228.5 ± 33.4 | t75 = −0.47 p = 0.640 |
Visual memory, mean ± SD | 88.4 ± 27.3 | 82.5 ± 23.7 | t87 = 1.06 p = 0.289 |
Verbal fluency, mean ± SD | 65.3 ± 15.2 | 62.0 ± 9.9 | t87 = 1.18 p = 0.238 |
Sustained attention, mean ± SD | 125.2 ± 22.6 | 135.3 ± 32.6 | t83 = −1.67 p = 0.090 |
Processing speed, mean ± SD | 68.1 ± 19.2 | 62.3 ± 17.8 | t88 = 1.48 p = 0.142 |
Cognitive reserve, mean ± SD | 61.4 ± 9.2 | 60.0 ± 7.6 | t83 = 0.79 p = 0.430 |
