Table 2 Median (IQR) serum concentrations (nM) of 40 BAs in SZ and HC groups in the discovery set.

From: Targeted metabolomics reveals aberrant profiles of serum bile acids in patients with schizophrenia

BAs	SZ (n = 59)	HC (n = 60)	ratio^a	p-value^b	q-value^c	VIP^d
CA	12.6 (25.38)	23.3 (36.19)	0.54	0.009	0.04	1.68
GCA	31.14 (32.63)	45.2 (82.92)	0.69	0.031	0.09	1.18
TCA	3.13 (3.56)	3.23 (6.11)	0.97	0.565	0.752	0.72
CDCA	31.89 (89.3)	105.58 (114.83)	0.30	0.001	0.01	1.64
GCDCA	269.41 (372.09)	278.62 (328.47)	0.97	0.635	0.752	0.04
TCDCA	18.87 (28.86)	20.62 (29.87)	0.92	0.656	0.752	0.16
DCA	47.22 (48.23)	78.19 (87.56)	0.60	0.001	0.01	1.62
GDCA	46.15 (64.18)	61.4 (83.76)	0.75	0.087	0.204	0.64
TDCA	4.19 (6.85)	4.63 (5.33)	0.90	0.539	0.752	0.03
UDCA	9.35 (23.51)	24.15 (28.43)	0.39	0.001	0.01	1.61
GUDCA	36.49 (55.14)	39.96 (37.51)	0.91	1	1	0.73
TUDCA	1.01 (1.62)	1.06 (1.39)	0.95	0.956	1	0.39
LCA	1.69 (3.18)	2.68 (3.05)	0.63	0.267	0.428	0.04
GLCA	2.67 (6.47)	3.07 (6.02)	0.87	0.658	0.752	0.03
TLCA	0.16 (0.56)	0.16 (0.62)	1.00	0.634	0.752	0.4
HCA	2.48 (4.64)	3.52 (3.89)	0.70	0.213	0.398	0.29
GHCA	3.01 (2.84)	3.85 (4.04)	0.78	0.031	0.09	1.04
THCA	1.66 (1.34)	2 (0.7)	0.83	0.006	0.04	0.75
βUDCA	41.72 (56.49)	50.7 (42.93)	0.82	0.08	0.2	0.03
βCDCA	19.73 (24.7)	30.97 (25.19)	0.64	0.001	0.01	1.97
βDCA	10.33 (16.91)	18.2 (25.93)	0.57	0.007	0.04	1.31
βUCA	0.23 (0.57)	0.26 (0.43)	0.88	0.683	0.759	0.07
βCA	1.02 (0.81)	1.25 (0.98)	0.82	0.205	0.398	0.75
βMCA	0.26 (0.75)	0.29 (0.63)	0.90	0.613	0.752	0.3
UCA	0.21 (1.23)	0.26 (0.5)	0.81	0.354	0.544	1.29
TαMCA	0.93 (0.51)	1.11 (1.31)	0.84	0.018	0.06	1.33
alloLCA	0.28 (0.39)	0.21 (0.27)	1.33	0.231	0.398	1.11
isoLCA	2.19 (4.73)	3.4 (7.2)	0.64	0.073	0.194	0.79
NorDCA	0.57 (0.99)	0.53 (0.61)	1.08	0.232	0.398	0.84
6-ketoLCA	0.72 (0.47)	0.77 (0.42)	0.94	0.165	0.348	0.79
7-ketoLCA	2.02 (3.23)	3.85 (3.73)	0.52	0.013	0.047	1.27
12-ketoLCA	1.66 (2.74)	2.18 (4.06)	0.76	0.239	0.398	0.17
apoCA	1.44 (2.41)	0.9 (1.22)	1.60	0.012	0.047	1.94
LCA-3S	1.82 (5.84)	1.74 (5.03)	1.05	0.978	1	0.25
GLCA-3S	47.13 (75.5)	41.36 (58.9)	1.14	0.656	0.752	0.09
HDCA	0.85 (0.56)	0.93 (0.68)	0.91	0.123	0.273	0.52
NorCA	2.28 (2.34)	1.47 (1.17)	1.55	0.003	0.027	1.79
3-DHCA	0.2 (0.31)	0.32 (0.32)	0.63	0.009	0.04	1.28
7-ketoDCA	0.71 (1.18)	0.8 (0.94)	0.89	0.719	0.778	0.78
CDCA-3Gln	5.43 (5.6)	5.28 (7.25)	1.03	0.561	0.752	0.51

BAs bile acids, VIP variable importance in the projection, CA cholic acid, GCA glycocholic acid, TCA taurocholic acid, CDCA chenodeoxycholic acid, GCDCA glycochenodeoxycholic acid, TCDCA taurochenodeoxycholic acid, DCA deoxycholic acid, GDCA glycodeoxycholic acid, TDCA taurodeoxycholic acid, UDCA ursodeoxycholic acid, GUDCA glycoursodeoxycholic acid, TUDCA tauroursodeoxycholic acid, LCA lithocholic acid, GLCA glycolithocholic acid, TLCA taurolithocholic acid, HCA hyocholic acid, GHCA glycohyocholic acid, THCA taurohyocholic acid, βUDCA 3β-ursodeoxycholic acid, βCDCA 3β-chenodeoxycholic acid, βDCA 3β-deoxycholic acid, βUCA β-ursocholic acid, βCA 3β-cholic acid, βMCA β-muricholic acid, UCA ursocholic acid, TαMCA tauro α-muricholic acid, alloLCA allolithocholic acid, isoLCA isolithocholic acid, NorDCA 23-nordeoxycholic acid, 6-ketoLCA 6-ketolithocholic acid, 7-ketoLCA 7-ketolithocholic acid, 12-ketoLCA 12-ketolithocholic acid, apoCA apocholic acid, LCA-3S lithocholic acid-3-sulfate, GLCA-3S glycolithocholic acid-3-sulfate, HDCA α-hyodeoxycholic acid, NorCA norcholic acid, 3-DHCA 3-dehydrocholic acid, 7-ketoDCA 7-ketodeoxycholic acid, CDCA-3Gln chenodeoxycholic acid-3-β-d-glucuronide.
^aRatios were calculated from the intra-group medians of BAs between SZ and HC groups.
^bP-values were calculated by Mann−Whitney U tests.
^cFDR adjusted q-values were calculated based on p-values estimated by Mann−Whitney U tests.
^d VIP scores were obtained from OPLS-DA. The bold BAs indicate significantly differential BAs between SZ and HC groups.

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Table 2 Median (IQR) serum concentrations (nM) of 40 BAs in SZ and HC groups in the discovery set.

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