Table 1 Characteristics of participants stratified by overweight status and sex.

From: Sex differences in the association of overweight with cognitive performance in individuals with first-episode psychosis

 

Whole sample N = 170

Overweight status

Sex

Non-overweight N = 113

Overweight N = 57

p-value

Female N = 56

Male N = 114

p-value

Sociodemographic variables

Sex (n, %)

   

0.337c

   

 Female

56 (32.9)

40 (35.4)

16 (28.1)

    

 Male

114 (67.1)

73 (64.6)

41 (71.9)

    

Age, years (m, SD)

23.05 (5.37)

23.03 (5.58)

23.10 (4.98)

0.939a

23.07 (6.25)

23.05 (4.91)

0.985a

Education, years (med, IQR)

10 (9–13)

10 (8.5–13)

10 (9–12.5)

0.353b

10 (8–12)

10 (9–13)

0.718b

Ethnicity (n, %)

   

0.976c

  

0.742c

 Caucasian

131 (77.1)

87 (77)

44 (77.2)

 

44 (78.6)

87 (76.3)

 

 Non-Caucasian

39 (22.9)

26 (23)

13 (22.8)

 

12 (21.4)

27 (23.7)

 

Biometric variables

BMI (m, SD)

23.77 (3.89)

21.59 (2.25)

28.08 (2.66)

<0.001a

23.41 (3.69)

23.95 (3.99)

0.397a

Overweight (n, %)

57 (33.53)

   

16 (28.57)

41 (36.00)

0.337c

Obesity, BMI ≥ 30 (n, %)

14 (8.20)

0 (0.00)

14 (24.56)

<0.001c

4 (7.14)

10 (8.77)

0.716c

Treatment variables

AP intake (n, %)

160 (94.1)

105 (92.9)

55 (96.5)

0.350c

52 (92.9)

108 (94.7)

0.624c

CPZE, mg/day (med, IQR)

300 (200–450)

300 (199.9–400)

300 (200–552.8)

0.093b

300 (162.5–400)

300 (200–450)

0.049b

Treatment length, days (med, IQR)

88 (42–161)

67 (34.5–142)

125 (70–207)

<0.001b

90.5 (47–161)

87 (37–157.5)

0.557b

Clinical variables

DUP, days (med, IQR)

29.5 (10–60)

30 (10–60)

21 (10–60)

0.557b

26.5 (10–60)

30 (10–60)

0.997b

PANSS+ (med, IQR)

12 (8–18)

13 (8–18)

11 (8–19)

0.548b

13 (8–19)

12 (8–18)

0.601b

PANSS− (med, IQR)

16 (11–24)

15 (10–23)

18 (11.5–27)

0.193b

14 (11–23)

17 (11–24.5)

0.393b

PANSS general (med, IQR)

33 (24–45)

33 (24.5–43)

31 (23–46)

0.903b

31 (25.5–46.5)

33 (24–44.5)

0.909b

PANSS total (med, IQR)

61 (46–82)

61 (47–81)

63 (45.5–91.5)

0.889b

57 (47–90)

64 (46–82)

0.890b

CDS (med, IQR)

2 (0–5.25)

2 (0–5)

2 (0–8)

0.488b

3 (0–8)

1 (0–5)

0.015b

GAF (med, IQR)

60 (52–65)

60 (53–65)

60 (51.5–64.5)

0.669b

58 (52.5–60)

60 (52–65)

0.217b

Frequent substance use (≥1 time/week)

Tobacco (n, %)

113 (66.50)

75 (66.4)

38 (66.7)

0.969c

33 (58.9)

80 (70.2)

0.144c

Cannabis (n, %)

67(39.40)

43 (38.1)

24 (42.1)

0.610c

17 (30.4)

50 (43.9)

0.090c

Alcohol (n, %)

50 (29.4)

31 (27.4)

19 (33.3)

0.425c

10 (17.9)

40 (35.1)

0.020c

  1. m mean, med median, SD standard deviation, IQR interquartile range, AP antipsychotic, CPZE chlorpromazine equivalent, DUP duration of untreated psychosis, PANSS Positive and Negative Symptom Scale, CDS Calgary Depression Scale, GAF Global Assessment Functioning Scale.
  2. aTwo-sided Student’s t-test.
  3. bMann–Whitney U-test.
  4. cPearson’s Chi-squared test.
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