Table 4 Results of the regression-based ANCOVA with Full Information Maximum Likelihood (FIML) for missing data handling at 6-months post-assessment (T3) on the primary and secondary outcome variables in the intent-to-treat sample (ITT: n = 94).

From: Efficacy of an emotion-oriented cognitive behavior therapy for delusions (CBTd-E) compared to waitlist in a single-blinded randomized-controlled trial

Measure

n (analysis)

Group differences beta unst.a SE

p

Effect size d 95% CI

Primary outcome variables

PSYRATS delusions scale (Blind)

61

−2.145

1.955

0.273

−0.451

[−1.258; 0.355]

PSYRATS delusions scale (Unblinded)

93

−2.236

1.435

0.119

−0.635

[−1.435; 0.164]

Secondary outcome variables

PDI-21 grand total score (SR)

88

−8.548

9.123

0.349

−0.150

[−0.464; 0.164]

EMA persecutory delusions (SR)

72

−0.154

0.239

0.518

−0.110

[−0.446; 0.225]

PANSS POS (Blind)

62

−1.527

1.004

0.128

−0.341

[−0.779; 0.098]

PANSS POS (Unblinded)

93

−1.760

0.840

0.036 *

−0.468

[−0.910; −0.030]

PANSS NEG (Blind)

62

0.034

1.273

0.979

0.007

[−0.541; 0.556]

PANSS NEG (Unblinded)

93

−0.536

0.977

0.583

−0.112

[−0.514; 0.289]

PANSS GEN (Blind)

62

−3.755

1.806

0.038*

−0.558

[−1.084; −0.032]

PANSS GEN (Unblinded)

93

−3.018

1.535

0.049*

−0.468

[−0.935; −0.002]

CDSS total score (Blind)

62

−1.074

1.077

0.319

−0.291

[−0.864; 0.281]

CDSS total score (Unblinded)

93

−2.301

0.702

0.001 **

−0.540

[−0.862; -0.217]

RFS general functioning (Blind)

61

0.321

0.589

0.586

0.147

[−0.381; 0.675]

RFS general functioning (Unblinded)

93

1.048

0.506

0.038*

0.411

[0.022; 0.801]

RFS social functioning (Blind)

61

0.855

0.590

0.147

0.391

[−0.137; 0.920]

RFS social functioning (Unblinded)

93

0.868

0.536

0.105

0.372

[−0.078; 0.822]

CPZ

93

−123.283

165.160

0.455

−0.245

[−0.890; 0.399]

PSYRATS voices scale (Blind)

61

−2.895

2.935

0.324

−0.244

[−0.727; 0.240]

PSYRATS voices scale (Unblinded)

93

−1.822

2.037

0.371

−0.137

[−0.436; 0.163]

Target mechanisms

ERQ expressive suppression (SR)

88

1.198

1.060

0.258

0.219

[−0.161; 0.599]

ERQ reappraisal (SR)

87

4.371

1.391

0.002 **

0.588

[0.221; 0.954]

ERSQ total score (SR)

88

0.282

3.758

0.940

0.016

[−0.401; 0.433]

ERI positive emotions (SR)

89

−3.557

1.897

0.061

−0.352

[−0.720; 0.016]

ERI negative emotions (SR)

89

−2.541

2.776

0.360

−0.232

[−0.730; 0.265]

PSWQ sum score (SR)

89

−6.556

3.347

0.050 *

−0.520

[−1.041; 0.000]

ISI insomnia sum score (SR)

87

−3.074

1.250

0.014 *

−0.493

[−0.885; −0.100]

RSES sum score (SR)

89

2.517

1.163

0.030 *

0.364

[0.034; 0.693]

SCS total score (SR)

88

1.162

2.895

0.688

0.073

[−0.285; 0.432]

BCSS negative-self (SR)

88

−0.073

1.025

0.944

-0.013

[−0.367; 0.342]

BCSS positive-self (SR)

88

0.054

1.165

0.963

0.010

[−0.415; 0.436]

BCSSS negative-others (SR)

87

−1.297

1.112

0.243

−0.224

[−0.601; 0.153]

BCSS positive-others (SR)

88

−0.049

1.158

0.966

−0.011

[−0.534; 0.511]

  1. Regression analysis of the post-scores (dependent variable) on the group (independent variable: 0 = WL, 1 = CBTd-E) while controlling for study site.
  2. SE standard error, SR self-rating, PSYRATS psychotic rating symptom scales, PDI Peters et al. delusions inventory, EMA ecological momentary assessment of persecutory delusions over 6 consecutive days and 10 time points: mean score, PANSS positive and negative syndrome scale, PANSS POS PANSS positive scale, PANSS NEG PANSS negative scale, PANSS GEN PANSS general psychopathology scale, CDSS Calgary depression rating scale, RFS role functioning scale, CPZ chlorpromazine equivalent of antipsychotic medication, ERQ emotion regulation questionnaire, ERSQ emotion regulation style questionnaire, ERI emotion regulation inventory, PSWQ Penn State worry questionnaire, ISI insomnia severity index, RSE Rosenberg self-esteem scale, SCS self-compassion scale, BCSS brief core schema scale.
  3. aUnstandardized beta.
  4. *p ≤ 0.05; **p ≤ 0.01.
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