Fig. 1: Effect of seven Citrus flavonoids on URAT1-mediated urate transport.

a, b Expression and plasma membrane localization of URAT1 in 293A cells. A fluorescent wheat germ agglutinin conjugate (WGA) was used to visualize plasma membranes. Bars, 5 μm. c URAT1 inhibition by benzbromarone (10 μM). ††P < 0.01 (two-sided t-test); NS not significant. d Inhibitory effect of each flavonoid (15 μM) on URAT1-mediated urate transport. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD. n = 4. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01 vs control (Dunnett’s test).