Table 1 General characteristics of studies on Salmonella persistence in complete metamorphosis insects.
From: A systematic review of experimental studies on Salmonella persistence in insects
Insect order | Insect genus | Insect species | Insect life cycle stage | Temperature of insect farming (°C) | Experiment environment | Feed | Salmonella serotype | Contamination procedure | Country | Author |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Coleoptera | Alphitobius | diaperinus | L | NR | NR | Non-medicated broiler starter crumbles | Typhimurium | CFI | US | |
L, P, A | 30 °C | Snap-cap tube | Wheat bran, deionized water, apple, fishmeal | Typhimurium | CFI | US | ||||
L, A | NR | Glass containers | Rat feed and water | Paratyphi B Variant Java | DBI | NL | ||||
L, A | NR | Petri dish | Chicken feed | Typhimurium | CFI | US | ||||
L, A | 27 °C | Plastic boxes (5.5 cm diameter x 6.0 cm high)* | Corn and soybean meal, without antibiotics | Enteritidis | CFI | BR | ||||
Carcinops | pumilio | A | NR | Sterile petri dish | House fly eggs | Enteritidis (D + ) | CFI | US | ||
Tenebrio | molitor | L | 25.5 °C | Aluminum foil tray (19 cm × 12.5 cm × 4.5 cm, 1 L)* | Spent grain | Typhimurium DT12 | CFI | DK | ||
L | 28 °C | Aluminum tray (5 × 17 × 24 cm, 2 L)* | Wheat bran and carrot slices | Enteritidis; Typhimurium; Infantis | CFI | BE | ||||
Diptera | Calliphora | vicina | L, P, A | 27 °C | Flask (1 L)* | Chick embryo | Typhimurium | CFI | US | |
Haematobia | irritans | A | 27 °C | Cylindrical cage (11.43 × 7.62 cm)* | Citrated bovine blood | Montevideo | CFI | US | ||
P, A | 28 °C | Cup covered with facial tissue* | Dung | Montevideo | CFI | US | ||||
A | NR | Square cage made of Plexiglas | Blood meal | Montevideo; Anatum; Senftenberg | CFI | US | ||||
Hermetia | illucens | L | 27 °C | Box (10 cm × 15 cm)* | Chicken feed | Typhimurium; Infantis | CFI | BE | ||
L | 23-27-32 °C | Plastic cup (473 ml)* | Chicken manure | Enteritidis | CFI | US | ||||
Musca | domestica | L, P | 35–36 °C | Erlenmeyer flask | CSMA (wheat bran, alfalfa meal, brewers’ grain | Enteritidis; Paratyphi B; Typhi | CFI | US | ||
L, P | 28 °C | Test tubes | NR | Schottmuller; Typhimurium; Typhi | CCS | CZ | ||||
L, P, A | 25 °C | Plastic cup (520 ml)* | Fresh poultry manure | Enteritidis | CFI | DK | ||||
P, A | NR | Chicken laying cages* | Chicken feed and feces | Enteritidis | CFI | US | ||||
A | 22–24 °C | Jar (50 ml) | Brain hearth infusion with kanamycin and ampicillin | Typhimurium SR-11 | DBI | US | ||||
A | 25–27 °C | Plastic canister and jar (946 ml)* | Manure | Typhimurium | CFI | US | ||||
A | 25 °C | Vial | 5% milk / 5% sucrose solution | Typhimurium | CFI | US | ||||
Phaenicia | sericata | A | 25 °C | Vial | 5% milk / 5% sucrose solution | Typhimurium | CFI | US | ||
Phormia | regina | P | 5 °C 26 °C | Erlenmeyer flask | Larval medium (casein, yeast, powdered agar, lanolin, and Belar solution with phosphate) | Schottmuller (now Paratyphi B); Typhimurium | CFI during larval stage | US | ||
Protophormia | terrae-novae | L, P | 28 °C | Test tubes | NR | Schottmuller; Typhimurium; Typhi | CCS | CZ | ||
Hemiptera | Myzus | persicae | A | NR | Microcentrifuge tubes | Synthetic liquid diet, lettuce | Cubana; Enteritidis; Newport; Poona; Schwarzengrun; Baildon; Mbandaka | CFI | US | |
Lepidoptera | Galleria | mellonella | L | 37 °C | Wood chip | No feed | Typhimurium | DI | UK | |
L | 37 °C | NR | NR | Typhimurium | DBI | UK |
