Table 2 Typical applications of SERS in veterinary drug residue detection in animal food sources

From: Emerging trends in SERS-based veterinary drug detection: multifunctional substrates and intelligent data approaches

Veterinary drug

Object

Substrate

Detection limit

References/substrate type

chloramphenicol

Milk

Ag-NPs@AgVO3-NR

10−10 M

51 Metal substrate

penicillin G and ampicillin

Milk

(AuNPs)/Psi

0.33 μg/kg and 0.35 μg/kg

40 Metal substrate

chloramphenicol

Honey

AAO/Ag

4.0 × 10−9 mol.L−1

87 Rigid substrate

amprolium HCl

chicken and duck

Au@Ag NPs

0.48 nmol.L−1

152 Metal substrate

Clenbuterol hydrochloride

pork

Aptamer+ probe + Fe3O4@Au@Ag

0.003 ng.mL−1

150 Metal substrate

enrofloxacin

fish and chicken

Aptamers+4-MBN+Au NPs

0.12 nM

151 Metal substrate

thiram

Fish

Ag@NCF

0.05 ppm

124 Flexible substrate

thiabendazole

  

0.09 ppm

 

malachite green

  

0.0014 ppm

 

enrofloxacin

  

0.069 ppm

 

Clenbuterol

pork

AuNPs

0.33 μg/g

34 Metal substrate

Salbutamol

pork

AgNPs

0.066 μg/g

35 Metal substrate

quinolone

pork

AgNPs

1 μg L−1

153 Metal substrate

flunixin meglumine

pork

Au@MIL-100(Fe)

0.15 mg·g−1

232 Metal substrate

florfenicol

chicken

AgNPs

0.25 μg/L

156 Metal substrate

malachite green

fish

Ag NPs + cotton fiber

5 ppm

135 Flexible substrate

kanamycin

fish

DNA+Aptamer + (L-RCA)+ GCNPs+Raman reporters

2.3Fm

137 Multifunctional Substrates

crystal violet

Fish

Lamellar nanostars, Sea urchin-shaped nanostars Serrated nanostars

0.015 nM

77 Metal substrate

crystal violet

fish

Au/Ag Bimetallic Nanocuboid Superlattices Coated with Ti3C2 Nanosheets

10−12 M

149 Rigid subsubstrate

malachite green

  

10−12 M

 

methylene blue

  

10−12 M

 

amoxicillin

fish and chicken

Ag NCs

10−9M

4 Metal substrate

Histamine

fish

Au NFs@ZIF-67

0.87 × 10−7 M

52 Metal substrate

Nitro antibiotics

sea cucumber salmon fish fish feeds

bromide modified Ag NPs

2, 0.2, and 50 ng/g

154 Metal substrate

Nitrofurantoin

sea cucumber and fish feeds

Ag-BrNPs

1 μg/L and 50 ng/g

32 Metal substrate

Malachite green isothiocyanate

Fish water

three-dimensional nanoporous Au substrate

10−16 M

157 Metal substrate

Benzoic acid

Milk

Ag-COF

0.00372 μg.mL−1

76 Metal substrate

florfenicol

Milk

GO–Ag–PFM

2.46 × 10−9 mol-1

107 Flexible substrate

norfloxacin

Milk

β-CD-AgNPs

5.327 nmol−1.

39 Metal substrate

antibiotics—2-mercapto-5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole

Milk

AgNPs- TiO2

0.11 μM

96 Rigid substrate

thiabendazole (TBZ) and ferbam

Milk

Au@Ag-TGANPs

0.12 and 0.003 ppm

158 Metal substrate

melamine

Milk

Ag/PMMA

0.68 μg/L

88 Rigid substrate

melamine

Milk

Ag-COF-COOH

0.68 μg/L

159 Metal substrate

melamine

Milk

Au-ZZF

0.39 μM

160 Metal substrate

Tetracycline

Milk

Polydimethylsiloxane plasma cavity

0.28 μg.L−1

125 Flexible ubstrate

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