Fig. 5: Behavioral tests, AD pathological changes, and cortical Aβ content and metabolism-related enzyme activity and molecule expression.

a Results of behavior testing of mice at 9 months. b Results of senile plaque with Congo red staining of mice in the hippocampus and cortex. c Results of silver staining of mice in the hippocampus and cortex. d GFAP expression in the hippocampus and cortex among four groups. e Cortical Aβ content, ADAM10 and BACE1 enzyme activity. f Cortical APP, BACE1, ADAM10, C99, and sAPPβ expression. g Cortical t-tau and p-tau expression, and p-tau/t-tau ratio in mice treated with different diets. Data were expressed as mean ± SEM or mean ± SD, n = 8 in C57-CON group, n = 8 in C57-LVA group, n = 8 in APP-CON group, n = 6 in APP-LVA group. For Fig. 6b, the black arrow was used to indicate senile plaque. Comparisons between groups were conducted using one-way ANOVA, followed by \(\check{{\rm{S}}}{\rm{id}}\acute{{\rm{a}}}{\rm{k}}\) or Games-Howell multiple comparisons test according to the homogeneity of variance. *P < 0.05. Asterisks among all histogram figures indicated significant difference of post-hoc comparison between two groups at two ends of the horizontal line.