Table 3 Differential metabolites identified between freeze-dried Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Zhang wild-type and mutant cells after 30 and 60 days of storage

Trehalose-6-phosphate

422.08

1.23

1.35

1.4

0.0008055

0.001187

2.36

2.36

D-Sorbitol-6-phosphate

261.04

0.72

1.36

1.39

0.0010906

0.0000037

40.85

50.48

D-Mannitol-1-phosphate

261.04

1.03

1.33

1.17

0.0007905

0.0069542

148.15

11.44

Mannitol

241.11

5.01

1.23

1.26

0.0246834

0.0359189

0.73

0.78

Rhamnose

201.03

0.61

1.37

1.4

0.0000064

0.001824

0.69

0.7

D-Maltose

409.07

0.64

1.45

1.47

0.0188156

0.0360397

0.39

0.3

2-Hydroxyhexadecanoic acid

543.46

10.23

1.18

1.32

0.0266746

0.0111031

1.54

1.85

Dodecanedioic acid

229.16

2.21

1.34

1.36

0.0005394

0.0031792

1.25

1.25

16-Hydroxyhexadecanoic acid

271.23

8.87

1.37

1.29

0.0004318

0.010989

2.02

1.6

Epoxyoleic acid

297.24

9.35

1.33

1.28

0.0008873

0.0474424

1.34

1.35

Floionolic acid

331.25

6.58

1.34

1.38

0.0005649

0.0005442

7.82

7.46

Ricinoleic acid

357.26

9.18

1.16

1.23

0.0336

0.0264366

1.12

1.12

12-Hydroxystearic acid

299.26

9.92

1.28

1.32

0.0205865

0.0181527

1.27

1.31

Bovinic acid

245.22

9.34

1.42

1.45

0.0203537

0.0057509

1.3

1.38

Oleic acid

247.24

9.9

1.46

1.46

0.0003216

0.014457

1.32

1.26

9-Hexadecenoic acid

255.23

8.86

1.47

1.49

0.0004307

0.0045631

2.07

1.74

Arginine

175.12

0.83

1.4

1.44

0.0033395

0.016441

0.71

0.73

L-Tryptophan

205.1

2.49

1.42

1.52

0.0126646

0.0004172

1.87

1.56

DL-Leucine

132.1

1.77

1.28

1.51

0.0223176

0.0044968

1.19

1.2

L-Aspartic acid

132.03

0.73

1.36

1.39

0.0001659

0.0068734

0.49

0.49

L-Glutamic acid

146.05

0.74

1.36

1.38

0.0005801

0.0027066

0.74

0.75