Table 1 The reported microfluidic system for the detection of food mycotoxins
Mycotoxins | Recognition elements | Biosensing modes | Chip manufacturing materials | Detection range | LOD | Food matrix | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DON | |||||||
Antibodies | Colorimetric | Paper-based | / | 1 μg/mL | Corn flour | ||
Antibodies | Colorimetric | PDMS | / | <10 ng/mL | Corn feed | ||
Antibodies | Colorimetric | Paper-based | 0.01–20 ppm | 4.35–6.44 ppb | Food, feed, and feed ingredients | ||
Aptamers | Fluorescence | PDMS | 10−5–101 ng/mL | 1.5 fg/mL | Corn, peanut, and wheat | ||
Antibodies | Fluorescence | PDMS | / | 1.7 ng/mL | / | ||
Antibodies | Fluorescence | PDMS | 62.5–1000 ng/mL | 0.035 μg/mL | Wheat, barley, corn meal, and wheat-based products | ||
Antibodies | Fluorescence | PMMA | 11.1–124.2 μg/kg | 1.09 ng/mL | Cereals | ||
Antibodies | Electrochemical | PDMS | 0.2–60 ppb | 35 pg/mL | Ground corn | ||
AFM1 | |||||||
Aptamers | Colorimetric | Paper-based | 1 μM–1 pM | 10 nM | Milk | ||
OTA | |||||||
Antibodies | Colorimetric | PDMS | / | <40 ng/mL | Corn feed | ||
Aptamers | Colorimetric | Paper-based | / | 242, 545.45, and 95.69 ng/mL | Water, corn, and groundnut | ||
Aptamers | Fluorescence | Paper-based | 0.1–50 ng/mL | 0.098 ng/mL | Corn flour | ||
Aptamers | Fluorescence | PDMS | 10−5–101 ng/mL | 3.9 fg/mL | Corn, peanut, and wheat | ||
Aptamers | SERS-based | PDMS | / | / | / | ||
Aptamers | SERS-based | PDMS | / | 500 nM | / | ||
Aptamers | Electrochemical | PMMA | 0.005–50 ng/mL | 1.21 pg/mL | Wheat and corn | ||
Aptamers | Photoelectrochemical | / | 0.01 pg/mL–200 ng/mL | 0.0035 pg/mL | Wheat flour | ||
Aptamers | Fluorescence/colorimetric | / | / | 0.011/0.008 μg/kg | Heat | ||
AFB1 | |||||||
Antibodies | Colorimetric | PDMS | / | 0.1–0.2 ng/mL | Corn feed | ||
Aptamers | Colorimetric | Paper-based | 1 pM–1 μM | 10 nM | Animal feed and milk | ||
Antibodies | Colorimetric | Paper-based | 8–25 ng/mL | 9.450 ng/mL | Food and grains | ||
Aptamers | Colorimetric | Glass, hydrogel | 0.25–40 μM | 1.77 nM | Beer | ||
Aptamers | Fluorescence | PDMS | 10−5–101 ng/mL | 2.3 fg/mL | Corn, peanut, and wheat | ||
Antibodies | Fluorescence | PDMS | 0.2–500 ng/mL | 0.06 ng/mL | Milk, corn, and rice | ||
Antibodies | Fluorescence | PMMA | 0.05–2.2 μg/kg | 0.003 ng/mL | Cereals | ||
Antibodies | Electrochemical | PDMS | 1 pg/mL–300 ng/mL | 0.295 pg/mL | Sweet corn | ||
Antibodies | Electrochemical | PMMA | 10−12–10−7 g/mL | 1 pg/mL | / | ||
Antibodies | Photoelectrochemical | / | 0.01–20 ng/mL | 2.1 pg/mL | Peanut | ||
Antibodies | Photoelectrochemical | / | / | 0.08 µg/L | Feedstuffs | ||
Aptamers | Colorimetric/electrochemical | Paper-based | 50 fg/mL–50 ng/mL | 7.8 fg/mL | Corn | ||
ZEN | |||||||
Antibodies | Colorimetric | Paper-based | / | 1 μg/mL | Corn flour | ||
Aptamers | Fluorescence | Paper-based | 0.5–100 ng/mL | 0.44 ng/mL | Corn flour | ||
Aptamers | Fluorescence | PDMS | 10−5–101 ng/mL | 2.6 fg/mL | Corn, peanut, and wheat | ||
Antibodies | Fluorescence | PMMA | 1.45–375.75 μg/kg | 0.05 ng/mL | Cereals | ||
MIPs | Fluorescence | PDMS | 1–10 mg/mL | 0.1 mg/mL | Food and feed | ||
Antibodies | Electrochemical | Paper-based | 10–1000 µg/kg | 4.40 µg/kg | Corn | ||
FB1 | |||||||
Aptamers | Fluorescence | PDMS | 10−5–101 ng/mL | 1.4 fg/mL | Corn, peanut, and wheat | ||
Antibodies | Electrochemical | PDMS | 0.3–140 ppb | 97 pg/mL | Ground corn | ||
Antibodies | Electrochemical | PDMS | 10 pg/mL–100 ng/mL | 1.5 pg/mL | Corn | ||
T-2 | |||||||
Antibodies | Colorimetric | Paper-based | / | 1 μg/mL | Corn flour | ||
Aptamers | Fluorescence | PDMS | 10−5–101 ng/mL | 1.7 fg/mL | Corn, peanut, and wheat | ||
