Table 3 Fatty acid (%) distribution (mean ± SD) of Echinus esculentus (EC) and Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis (ST) gonads

From: Impact of roe enhancement on quality parameters in sea urchins Echinus esculentus and Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis

 

EC

SP

GLMa

Week 0

Week 5

Week 10

Week 12

Week 0

Week 5

Week 10

Week 12

PFT

PSP

Saturated fatty acids

 C14:0

4.0 ± 0.4Ba

3.7 ± 0.4Bab

3.5 ± 0.4Bab

3.4 ± 0.3Bb

12.5 ± 1.2 Aa

10.6 ± 1.3Ab

10.4 ± 0.3Ab

10.1 ± 0.5Ab

<0.001

<0.001

 C15:0

1.2 ± 0.1A

1.0 ± 0.4

0.9 ± 0.3

0.8 ± 0.1

0.6 ± 0.1B

0.9 ± 0.3

0.9 ± 0.1

0.9 ± 0.1

0.544

0.005

 C16:0

12.1 ± 1.2A

12.1 ± 0.7 A

11.6 ± 0.4 A

11.3 ± 0.3 A

5.5 ± 0.5Ba

4.2 ± 0.2Bb

4.2 ± 0.2Bb

4.3 ± 0.3Bb

<0.001

<0.001

 C18:0

3.7 ± 0.2 A

3.2 ± 0.4 A

3.3 ± 0.2 A

3.4 ± 0.3 A

2.2 ± 0.2B

2.7 ± 0.3B

2.2 ± 0.2B

2.2 ± 0.1B

0.109

<0.001

 C20:0

8.4 ± 0.3Ba

8.6 ± 0.4Ba

7.2 ± 0.7Bb

7.2 ± 0.4b

9.4 ± 0.5 Aa

9.3 ± 0.3 Aa

8.6 ± 0.4 Aab

7.9 ± 1.5b

<0.001

<0.001

 ΣSFA

29.4 ± 1.0a

28.5 ± 1.0a

26.5 ± 0.9b

26.2 ± 0.5b

30.2 ± 1.7a

27.7 ± 1.1b

26.4 ± 0.5bc

25.4 ± 1.8c

<0.001

0.437

Monounsaturated fatty acids

 C14:1

1.1 ± 0.2b

1.5 ± 0.1Aa

1.6 ± 0.1Aa

1.4 ± 0.1Aa

1.2 ± 0.2

1.0 ± 0.3B

1.0 ± 0.1B

1.0 ± 0.2B

0.224

<0.001

 C16:1 n-7

4.9 ± 0.5A

5.0 ± 0.3A

4.8 ± 0.4 A

4.8 ± 0.4A

3.4 ± 0.5B

3.0 ± 0.4B

3.0 ± 0.2B

3.0 ± 0.1B

0.123

<0.001

 C17:1

0.3 ± 0.1 A

0.8 ± 0.2

0.8 ± 0.1 A

0.8 ± 0.1

0.2 ± 0.1Bb

0.7 ± 0.1a

0.7 ± 0.1Ba

0.7 ± 0.1a

<0.001

0.004

 C18:1 n-9

3.7 ± 0.3Bc

3.5 ± 0.4Bc

5.4 ± 0.5 Ab

6.8 ± 0.9Aa

4.2 ± 0.5A

4.4 ± 0.7 A

4.3 ± 0.2B

4.4 ± 0.2B

<0.001

<0.001

 C20:1

6.9 ± 0.3Ba

5.9 ± 0.5Bb

7.0 ± 0.5Ba

6.5 ± 0.4Bab

9.1 ± 0.6Ab

11.9 ± 0.6Aa

12.1 ± 0.4 Aa

12.4 ± 0.5Aa

<0.001

<0.001

 C22:1

3.5 ± 0.4A

3.3 ± 0.3 A

3.7 ± 0.3 A

3.5 ± 0.3 A

2.8 ± 0.5Ba

2.2 ± 0.5Bb

2.2 ± 0.1Bb

2.1 ± 0.1Bb

0.009

<0.001

 ΣMUFA

20.3 ± 0.6b

20.0 ± 0.8Bb

23.2 ± 0.9a

23.7 ± 0.8a

20.9 ± 1.1b

23.2 ± 1.2Aa

23.2 ± 0.6a

23.6 ± 0.6a

<0.001

<0.001

Polyunsaturated fatty acids

 C16:2 n-4

2.8 ± 0.6a

2.1 ± 0.3Bb

3.1 ± 0.3Ba

3.2 ± 0.3Ba

3.2 ± 0.5b

3.7 ± 0.4 Aab

4.0 ± 0.2Aa

4.2 ± 0.5Aa

<0.001

<0.001

 C18:4 n-3

0.1 ± 0.1Bb

1.3 ± 0.1Bab

2.0 ± 0.1a

2.0 ± 0.1Ba

1.5 ± 0.5Ab

1.9 ± 0.2Aa

2.0 ± 0.1a

2.2 ± 0.2Aa

<0.001

<0.001

 C20:2 n-6

3.8 ± 0.3b

4.4 ± 0.4a

4.4 ± 0.3a

4.4 ± 0.2a

4.2 ± 0.4

4.3 ± 0.4

4.2 ± 0.3

4.0 ± 0.4

0.018

0.612

 C20:3

10.7 ± 0.6b

11.3 ± 1.0Bab

11.5 ± 0.5Bab

11.7 ± 0.5Ba

11.5 ± 1.0b

12.3 ± 0.6Aab

12.9 ± 0.5Aa

12.6 ± 0.4 Aa

<0.001

<0.001

 C20:4

1.8 ± 0.2

2.0 ± 1.0

2.2 ± 0.1

2.2 ± 0.2

2.3 ± 0.1

2.1 ± 0.3

2.2 ± 0.1

2.2 ± 0.2

0.434

0.164

 C20:5 n-3 (EPA)

16.0 ± 0.7b

16.1 ± 0.9Bb

17.3 ± 0.6a

17.6 ± 0.6a

16.6 ± 0.5b

17.7 ± 1.1Aa

17.7 ± 0.3a

18.1 ± 0.6a

<0.001

<0.001

 C22:6 n-3 (DHA)

8.4 ± 0.4A

8.4 ± 0.4A

8.4 ± 0.3 A

8.3 ± 0.4 A

5.9 ± 0.3B

5.5 ± 0.4B

5.8 ± 0.3B

5.8 ± 0.4B

0.340

<0.001

 ΣPUFA

43.7 ± 0.9Bc

45.6 ± 1.4Bb

48.8 ± 0.4a

49.3 ± 0.7a

45.2 ± 1.4Ab

47.6 ± 2.0Aa

48.8 ± 0.8a

49.2 ± 0.8a

<0.001

0.007

  1. PFT and PSP are the significant levels (GLM) for the effects of feeding time and species, respectively.
  2. *General linear model (GLM) analysis of variance with feeding time and species as fixed factors; where significant differences were detected (P < 0.05), a Tukey’s pairwise comparison or a t-test were applied.
  3. a–cDifferent superscript lowercase letters within each species and each fatty acid indicate significant differences (P < 0.05) throughout feeding time.
  4. A-BDifferent superscript uppercase letters within each feeding time and each fatty acid indicate significant differences (P < 0.05) between the species at the same feeding time.
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