Fig. 2: Raw and baseline corrected + normalized Raman spectra of crude palm oil samples from major markets.
From: Machine learning-assisted Raman spectroscopy for non-destructive analysis of crude palm oil quality
A Raw Raman spectra of crudeAQ9 palm oil samples from major markets (AGB, DOM, KAN, MAD, and MAK). Each spectrum is vertically offset for clarity. B A typical raw Raman spectrum of crude palm oil, highlighting key spectral peaks. C Baseline-corrected and normalized spectra of the same crude palm oil samples, where preprocessing has been applied to enhance the spectral features. D Baseline-corrected and normalized spectrum of a typical crude palm oil sample, with labeled peaks indicating key Raman shift values (e.g., 893 cm−1, 1156 cm−1, 1657 cm−1), which are characteristic of palm oil’s molecular composition.
