Fig. 6: The adsorption and assembly behavior of composite nanoparticles at the oil–water interface of Pickering emulsion.

Δf (A), ΔD (B), adsorption film thickness (C), and ΔD−Δf curves (n = 1 overtone) (D). All the values are expressed as mean ± SD. Mean values with different letters are significantly different (p < 0.05). Δf: frequency factor; ΔD: dissipation factor; SW1: Ultrasonic (0 W)—laccase-modified SPI cross-linked WPI; SW2: Ultrasonic (150 W)—laccase-modified SPI cross-linked WPI; SW3: Ultrasonic (300 W) - laccase-modified SPI cross-linked WPI; SW4: Ultrasonic (450 W)—laccase-modified SPI cross-linked WPI; SW5: Ultrasonic (600 W)—laccase-modified SPI cross-linked WPI; SPI soy protein isolate, WPI whey protein.