Fig. 2: Differential lipid analysis: visualization of significantly altered lipid subclasses and molecules across comparisons.

A Sankey diagram illustrating the distribution of the top 10 lipid subclasses with the highest abundance among significantly altered lipid species across ND, KO1, and KO6 groups. B Heatmap of the top 50 significantly altered lipid molecules, ranked by increasing p value. The color scale represents the relative abundance of lipid molecules after normalization of peak areas across samples, with red indicating higher abundance and blue indicating lower abundance. Volcano plots showing differential lipid molecules in the comparisons of KO1 versus ND (C), KO6 versus ND (D), and KO6 versus KO1 (E). F Venn diagram showing the overlap of significantly altered lipid molecules among the three pairwise comparisons. ADGGA acyl diacylglyceryl glucuronide, CE cholesteryl ester, DGCC diacylglyceryl-3-O-carboxyhydroxymethylcholine, FA fatty acyl, LPC lysophosphatidylcholine, MGDG monogalactosyldiacylglycerol, PC phosphatidylcholine, SE Sitosterol ester, SHexCer sulfoglycosphingolipid, TG triacylglycerol; FC fold change.