Fig. 3

Schematic overview of the task. Each word-pair was repeatedly tested three times with correct-answer feedback. First, the Swahili word appeared on the screen and subjects were asked to respond whether they could recall the Swedish counterpart or not. Next, they had to respond the second letter in the Swedish word, followed by either feedback or no feedback. To prevent expectancy feedback, test items with feedback were uniquely interspersed with test items without feedback