Table 1 Zero-order correlations between academic anxiety, spatial habits and skills, ASL experience, STEM interest, and differences in hearing status

From: Math anxiety and science anxiety are associated with spatial cognition and STEM interest in deaf, hard of hearing, and hearing people

 

Math Anxiety

Science Anxiety

Spatial Anxiety

Spatial Habits

Visualizer

ASL-Experience

MR Comm. Error Rate

STEM Interest

Math Anxiety

--

0.25*

0.26*

−0.42***

0.16

0.00

0.32**

−0.53***

Science Anxiety

0.26**

--

0.30**

−0.30**

0.30**

−0.13

0.28*

−0.36**

Spatial Anxiety

0.28**

0.29**

--

−0.09

0.16

0.05

0.14

−0.32**

Spatial Habits

−0.44***

−0.31***

−0.21*

--

−0.34**

0.00

−0.24*

0.42***

Visualizer

0.19*

0.27**

0.18

−0.40***

--

−0.17

0.10

−0.14

ASL-Experience

0.12

0.05

0.06

−0.05

−0.08

--

−0.13

−0.07

MR Commission Error Rate

0.39***

0.34***

0.22*

−0.26**

0.13

0.08

--

−0.19

STEM Interest

−0.61***

−0.37***

−0.33***

0.41***

−0.16

−0.19*

−0.25**

--

Hearing Status

t(56.67) = 0.68, p = 0.50 NS

t(75.18) = 2.02, p = 0.04* DHH > H

t(56.68) = 1.11, p = 0.27 NS

t(61.48) = −1.19, p = 0.23 NS

t(67.51) = 0.07, p = 0.94 NS

t(41.62) = 5.74, p < 0.001*** DHH > H

t(69.52) = 1.31, p = 0.20 NS

t(59.74) = −1.30, p = 0.20 NS

  1. Correlations below the diagonal represent relations in all participants (N = 115). Correlations above the diagonal were calculated in DHH participants only (N = 81). For specific questionnaire names for each construct please see Table 4. Pearson correlations and t-tests for hearing status were calculated with alpha = 0.05. Statistically significant effects for differences in hearing status are discussed in-text.
  2. DHH deaf and hard of hearing, H Hearing, NS no significant group differences.
  3. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.
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