Table 1 Mono and combined drug therapy in RA.

Tocilizumab, Sarilumab

IL-6⁹⁸

Etanercept, Infliximab, Adalimumab, Golimumab, and Certolizumab Pegol

TNF^65,98

Tofacitinib (RA-FLS), Baricitinib, Itacitinib

JAK^98,99

Secukinumab

IL-17⁹⁸

Andecaliximab, Celastrol (RA-FLS)

MMP9^98,100,101

Imatinib

PDGF^16,102

Methotrexate

IL1B, PDGF, NFKB^103,104

Anakinra

IL1B¹⁰⁵

Methotrexate + Sarilumab (or Tocilizumab)

NFKB, PDGFA, IL1B targeted by Methotrexate + IL-6 targeted by Sarilumab^106,107

Methotrexate + Cyclosporine

NFKB, PDGFA, IL1B targeted by Methotrexate + Calcineurin targeted by Cyclosporine^108,109

Methotrexate + Azathioprine

NFKB, PDGFA, IL1B targeted by Methotrexate + RAC1 by Azathioprine^110,111

Methotrexate + Hydroxychloroquine

NFKB, PDGFA, IL1B targeted by Methotrexate + TLRs targeted by hydroxychloroquine^112,113

Methotrexate + Infliximab or Golimumab

NFKB, PDGFA, IL1B targeted by Methotrexate + TNF targeted by Infliximab/Golimumab¹¹⁴

TNF inhibitor + Abatacept

TNF + CD80^*, CD86*, CD28 targeted by Abatecept^115,116

TNF inhibitor + Anakinra

TNF + IL-1 targeted by Anakinra¹¹⁵

Abatacept + Anakinra

CD80*, CD86*, CD28 targeted by Abatecept + IL-1 targeted by Anakinra¹¹⁵