Fig. 2 | npj Vaccines

Fig. 2

From: Skin infection boosts memory B-cells specific for a cryptic vaccine epitope of group A streptococcus and broadens the immune response to enhance vaccine efficacy

Fig. 2

Induction of SpyCEP-specific responses in J8-DT-vaccinated mice following sequential infections with multiple GAS strains. J8-DT-vaccinated (s.c. immunization x 3) and naïve BALB/c mice (n = 15 mice/group) were sequentially infected multiple times with the same NS27 or four different GAS strains. Induction of SpyCEP-specific IgG (a) and ASC (b) was determined using ELISA or ELISPOT, respectively. J8-DT-vaccinated-uninfected mice were used as controls. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple comparison test to compare IgG titers or the numbers of ASCs post first infection with IgG titers or the numbers of ASCs following each sequential infection. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; and ****p < 0.0001

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